国产毛片国语版手机在线,国产高清在线观看日韩,à级国产乱理伦片在线观看99

2024-03-07 20:48:53

raven

RAVEN中文(簡體)翻譯：劍橋詞典

詞典

翻譯

語法

同義詞詞典

+Plus

劍橋詞典+Plus

Shop

劍橋詞典+Plus

我的主頁

+Plus 幫助

退出

劍橋詞典+Plus

我的主頁

+Plus 幫助

退出

登錄

注冊

中文 (簡體)

查找

英語-中文（簡體）

raven 在英語-中文（簡體）詞典中的翻譯

ravennoun [ C ] uk

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/?re?.v?n/ us

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/?re?.v?n/

Add to word list

the largest bird in the crow family, with shiny black feathers

渡鴉

ravenadjective [ before noun ]

? literary uk

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/?re?.v?n/ us

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/?re?.v?n/

(especially of hair) shiny and black

（尤指毛發(fā)）烏黑發(fā)亮的，烏油油的

Her pale face was framed by raven locks.

烏黑發(fā)亮的頭發(fā)襯托著她蒼白的臉。

(raven在劍橋英語-中文（簡體）詞典的翻譯 ? Cambridge University Press)

raven的例句

raven

The other is to have growth without ravening inflation.

來自 Hansard archive

該例句來自Hansard存檔。包含以下議會許可信息開放議會許可v3.0

In the morning, all the ravens in the world had not heard.

來自 Wikipedia

該例句來自維基百科，在CC BY-SA許可下可重復(fù)使用。

Avian scavengers, especially ravens, will also readily predate nests.

來自 Wikipedia

該例句來自維基百科，在CC BY-SA許可下可重復(fù)使用。

Of these, about 12 percent of carcasses were scavenged by other predators such as ravens or coyotes.

來自 Wikipedia

該例句來自維基百科，在CC BY-SA許可下可重復(fù)使用。

Human beings are close to ravens.

來自 Cambridge English Corpus

One visitor to the set said that the rooks were represented by a half-dozen trained ravens.

來自 Wikipedia

該例句來自維基百科，在CC BY-SA許可下可重復(fù)使用。

We started to head to the wrong way to the side of the tent as we continued to make a detour avoiding the raven.

來自 Cambridge English Corpus

The argument considers situations in which the total numbers or prevalences of ravens and black objects are unknown, but estimated.

來自 Wikipedia

該例句來自維基百科，在CC BY-SA許可下可重復(fù)使用。

示例中的觀點(diǎn)不代表劍橋詞典編輯、劍橋大學(xué)出版社和其許可證頒發(fā)者的觀點(diǎn)。

raven的翻譯

中文（繁體）

渡鴉, （尤指毛髮）烏黑發(fā)亮的，烏油油的…

查看更多內(nèi)容

西班牙語

cuervo grande, negro, cuervo [masculine…

查看更多內(nèi)容

葡萄牙語

corvo-comum, corvo [masculine]…

查看更多內(nèi)容

更多語言

土耳其語

法語

日語

in Dutch

捷克語

丹麥語

印尼語

泰語

越南語

波蘭語

in Swedish

馬來語

德語

挪威語

in Ukrainian

俄語

kuzgun, kara karga…

查看更多內(nèi)容

corbeau [masculine], corbeau…

查看更多內(nèi)容

カラス…

查看更多內(nèi)容

raaf…

查看更多內(nèi)容

krkavec…

查看更多內(nèi)容

ravn…

查看更多內(nèi)容

gagak…

查看更多內(nèi)容

?????????????????…

查看更多內(nèi)容

con qu?…

查看更多內(nèi)容

kruk…

查看更多內(nèi)容

korp…

查看更多內(nèi)容

sejenis gagak…

查看更多內(nèi)容

der Rabe…

查看更多內(nèi)容

ravn [masculine], ravn…

查看更多內(nèi)容

крук…

查看更多內(nèi)容

ворон…

查看更多內(nèi)容

需要一個翻譯器嗎？

獲得快速、免費(fèi)的翻譯！

翻譯器工具

raven的發(fā)音是什么？

在英語詞典中查看 raven 的釋義

瀏覽

ravage

ravages

rave

ravel

raven

ravening

ravenous

ravenously

raver

“每日一詞”

veggie burger

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/?ved?.i ?b??.ɡ?r/

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/?ved?.i ?b??.ɡ?/

a type of food similar to a hamburger but made without meat, by pressing together small pieces of vegetables, seeds, etc. into a flat, round shape

關(guān)于這個

博客

Forget doing it or forget to do it? Avoiding common mistakes with verb patterns (2)

March 06, 2024

新詞

stochastic parrot

March 04, 2024

已添加至 list

回到頁面頂端

內(nèi)容

英語-中文（簡體）例句翻譯

?劍橋大學(xué)出版社與評估2024

學(xué)習(xí)

新詞

幫助

紙質(zhì)書出版

Word of the Year 2021

Word of the Year 2022

Word of the Year 2023

開發(fā)

詞典API

雙擊查看

搜索Widgets

執(zhí)照數(shù)據(jù)

關(guān)于

無障礙閱讀

劍橋英語教學(xué)

劍橋大學(xué)出版社與評估

授權(quán)管理

Cookies與隱私保護(hù)

語料庫

使用條款

京ICP備14002226號-2

?劍橋大學(xué)出版社與評估2024

劍橋詞典+Plus

我的主頁

+Plus 幫助

退出

詞典

定義

清晰解釋自然的書面和口頭英語

英語

學(xué)習(xí)詞典

基礎(chǔ)英式英語

基礎(chǔ)美式英語

翻譯

點(diǎn)擊箭頭改變翻譯方向。

雙語詞典

英語-中文（簡體）

Chinese (Simplified)–English

英語-中文（繁體）

Chinese (Traditional)–English

英語-荷蘭語

荷蘭語-英語

英語-法語

法語-英語

英語-德語

德語-英語

英語-印尼語

印尼語-英語

英語-意大利語

意大利語-英語

英語-日語

日語-英語

英語-挪威語

挪威語-英語

英語-波蘭語

波蘭語-英語

英語-葡萄牙語

葡萄牙語-英語

英語-西班牙語

西班牙語-英語

English–Swedish

Swedish–English

半雙語詞典

英語-阿拉伯語

英語-孟加拉語

英語-加泰羅尼亞語

英語-捷克語

英語-丹麥語

English–Gujarati

英語-印地語

英語-韓語

英語-馬來語

英語-馬拉地語

英語-俄語

English–Tamil

English–Telugu

英語-泰語

英語-土耳其語

英語-烏克蘭語

English–Urdu

英語-越南語

翻譯

語法

同義詞詞典

Pronunciation

劍橋詞典+Plus

Shop

劍橋詞典+Plus

我的主頁

+Plus 幫助

退出

登錄 /

注冊

中文 (簡體) ?

Change

English (UK)

English (US)

Espa?ol

Русский

Português

Deutsch

Fran?ais

Italiano

中文 (簡體)

正體中文 (繁體)

Polski

???

Türk?e

日本語

Ti?ng Vi?t

?????

??????

關(guān)注我們

選擇一本詞典

烏鴉（美國埃德加·愛倫·坡所作詩歌）_百度百科

國埃德加·愛倫·坡所作詩歌）_百度百科網(wǎng)頁新聞貼吧知道網(wǎng)盤圖片視頻地圖文庫資訊采購百科百度首頁登錄注冊進(jìn)入詞條全站搜索幫助首頁秒懂百科特色百科知識專題加入百科百科團(tuán)隊(duì)權(quán)威合作下載百科APP個人中心烏鴉是一個多義詞，請?jiān)谙铝辛x項(xiàng)上選擇瀏覽（共57個義項(xiàng)）展開添加義項(xiàng)烏鴉播報(bào)討論上傳視頻美國埃德加·愛倫·坡所作詩歌收藏查看我的收藏0有用+10《烏鴉（The Raven）》是美國詩人埃德加·愛倫·坡于1844年創(chuàng)作的詩歌 [6]，于1845年出版 [5]。《烏鴉》一詩講述了一個青年學(xué)生，由于失去心愛的戀人麗諾爾，痛苦萬分，無法擺脫深深的思念。麗諾爾是他心目中一個理想化的女性，她有“絕代的光彩”。冬日一個夜晚，“一只莊嚴(yán)的烏鴉”突然來拜訪他，他本想從烏鴉身上了解到他逝去的戀人麗諾爾的情況，烏鴉卻告訴他 “永不復(fù)焉”，這使他更加悲痛，倍加憂傷。 [5]《烏鴉》一詩共有十八節(jié)，大體分為三個部分。第一部分由前六節(jié)構(gòu)成，講述了烏鴉出現(xiàn)前的情景，青年學(xué)生把夜深人靜的叩門聲當(dāng)成是麗諾爾的回歸，表現(xiàn)了他對失去的戀人麗諾爾的思念，反映出青年學(xué)生孤寂凄涼、企盼天亮的心理。第二部分由第七節(jié)至第十四節(jié)構(gòu)成，講述了烏鴉出現(xiàn)后的情景。青年與烏鴉的問答，進(jìn)一步深化了青年對情人徹骨的思念。第三部分由最后四節(jié)構(gòu)成，表現(xiàn)出青年學(xué)生對烏鴉回答的不滿。他的哀思非但沒有平復(fù)，反倒倍加沉重。 [5]《烏鴉》是愛倫·坡的成名作和代表作 [3]。烏鴉在人們心目中是矛盾而統(tǒng)一的。一方面，它們代表上帝，被視為先知和智慧的象征；另一方面，它們又代表著死亡、災(zāi)難、邪惡和謊言。而正是烏鴉這一意象的矛盾統(tǒng)一性，讓《烏鴉》這首詩變得更耐人尋味。 [6]作品名稱烏鴉作????者埃德加·愛倫·坡創(chuàng)作年代近代作品體裁詩歌作品國家美國外文名The Raven（英語）目錄1作品原文2注釋譯文?注釋?譯文3創(chuàng)作背景4作品鑒賞5作品影響6作者簡介作品原文播報(bào)編輯（注：原文部分單詞短語上角標(biāo)意為注釋）The Raven Edgar Allan PoeOnce upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door—"'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door—Only this and nothing more."Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December;And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.Eagerly I wished the morrow;—vainly I had sought to borrowFrom my books surcease of sorrow 1 —sorrow for the lost Lenore—For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore—Nameless here for evermore.And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtainThrilled me—filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before;So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating,"'Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door—Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;—This it is and nothing more."Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer,"Sir," said I, "or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore;But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping,And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door,That I scarce was sure I heard you"—here I opened wide the door;—Darkness there and nothing more.Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing,Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before;But the silence was unbroken, and the stillness gave no token,And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, "Lenore?"This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, "Lenore!"—Merely this and nothing more.Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning,Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before."Surely," said I, "surely that is something at my window lattice;Let me see, then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore—Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore;—'Tis the wind and nothing more!"Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter,In there stepped a stately Raven of the saintly days of yore;Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he;But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door—Perched upon a bust of Pallas 2 just above my chamber door—Perched, and sat, and nothing more.Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,"Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou," I said, "art sure no craven,Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightly shore—Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night's Plutonian shore 3 !"Quoth the Raven "Nevermore."Much I marvelled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly,Though its answer little meaning—little relevancy bore;For we cannot help agreeing that no living human being 4 Ever yet was blest with seeing bird above his chamber door—Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above his chamber door,With such name as "Nevermore."But the Raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke onlyThat one word, as if his soul in that one word he did outpour.Nothing further then he uttered—not a feather then he fluttered—Till I scarcely more than muttered "Other friends have flown before—On the morrow he will leave me, as my hopes have flown before."Then the bird said "Nevermore."Startled at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken,"Doubtless," said I, "what it utters is its only stock and store 5 Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful DisasterFollowed fast and followed faster till his songs one burden bore—Till the dirges of his Hope that melancholy burden boreOf 'Never—nevermore.'"But the Raven still beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, and bust and door;Then, upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linkingFancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird of yore—What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt and ominous bird of yoreMeant in croaking "Nevermore."This I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressingTo the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom's core;This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease recliningOn the cushion's velvet lining that the lamp-light gloated o'er,But whose velvet violet lining with the lamp-light gloating o'er,She shall press, ah, nevermore!Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from an unseen censerSwung by Seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor."Wretch," I cried, "thy God hath lent thee—by these angels he hath sent theeRespite—respite and nepenthe 6 , from thy memories of Lenore;Quaff, oh quaff this kind nepenthe and forget this lost Lenore!"Quoth the Raven "Nevermore.""Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!—Whether Tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore,Desolate yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted—On this home by Horror haunted—tell me truly, I implore—Is there—is there balm in Gilead 7 ?—tell me—tell me, I implore!"Quoth the Raven "Nevermore.""Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil—prophet still, if bird or devil!By that Heaven that bends above us—by that God we both adore—Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn 8 ,It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels name Lenore—Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore."Quoth the Raven "Nevermore.""Be that word our sign in parting, bird or fiend!" I shrieked, upstarting—"Get thee back into the tempest and the Night's Plutonian shore!Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!Leave my loneliness unbroken!—quit the bust above my door!Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door!"Quoth the Raven "Nevermore."And the Raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sittingOn the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon's that is dreaming,And the lamp-light o'er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor;And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floorShall be lifted—nevermore!原文參見美國詩人協(xié)會 [1]注釋譯文播報(bào)編輯注釋1. I had sought to borrow from my books surcease of sorrow我竭力讀書，想以此排遣心中的哀傷。Surcease 是古體，意思是終止阻止2. a bust of Pallas帕拉斯女神的胸像，帕拉斯就是希臘神話中的雅典娜(Athena)。3. the Night's Plutonian shore黑夜中的的冥界海岸4. living human being地球上的人們。Subalunary意思是月球之下的，地球之上的。有的版本改為 subalunary being 。5. stock and store庫存物品。此處指烏鴉模仿的人語。6. Nepenthe希臘神話中的忘憂藥。后泛指一切使人忘記憂愁的東西。7. Is there balm in Gilead?這里譏諷的引用了圣經(jīng)中的一句：Is there no balm in Gilead; is therd nophysician there? 難道基列沒有止痛藥？難道那里沒有醫(yī)生嗎？（基列是死海邊的一片山區(qū)，生長著許多藥用植物）8. Aidenn這是坡虛擬的一個地名，暗指伊甸園（Eden）譯文烏鴉埃德加·愛倫·坡從前一個陰郁的子夜，我獨(dú)自沉思，慵懶疲竭，面對許多古怪而離奇、并早已被人遺忘的書卷；當(dāng)我開始打盹，幾乎入睡，突然傳來一陣輕擂，仿佛有人在輕輕叩擊——輕輕叩擊我房間的門環(huán)?！坝锌蛠硪病保逸p聲嘟喃，“正在叩擊我的門環(huán)，惟此而已，別無他般?！迸?，我清楚地記得那是在風(fēng)凄雨冷的十二月，每一團(tuán)奄奄一息的余燼都形成陰影伏在地板。我當(dāng)時真盼望翌日——因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)枉費(fèi)心機(jī)想用書來消除傷悲，消除因失去麗諾爾的傷感，因那位被天使叫作麗諾爾的少女，她美麗嬌艷，在此已抹去芳名，直至永遠(yuǎn)。那柔軟、暗淡、颯颯飄動的每一塊紫色窗布使我心中充滿前所未有的恐懼，我毛骨悚然；為平息我心兒的悸跳．我站起身反復(fù)念叨“這是有客人想進(jìn)屋，正在叩我房間的門環(huán)，更深夜半有客人想進(jìn)屋，正在叩我房間的門環(huán)，惟此而已，別無他般?！庇谑俏业男淖兊脠?jiān)強(qiáng)；不再猶疑，不再彷徨，“先生，”我說，“或夫人，我求你多多包涵：剛才我正睡意昏昏，而你敲門又敲得那么輕，你敲門又敲得那么輕，輕輕叩我房間的門環(huán)，我差點(diǎn)以為沒聽見你?！闭f著我打開門扇——唯有黑夜，別無他般。凝視著夜色幽幽，我站在門邊驚懼良久，疑惑中似乎夢見從前沒人敢夢見的夢幻；可那未被打破的寂靜，沒顯示任何象征，“麗諾爾？”便是我囁嚅念叨的惟一字眼，我念叨“麗諾爾”，回聲把這名字輕輕送還；惟此而已，別無他般。我轉(zhuǎn)身回到房中，我的整個心燒灼般疼痛，很快我又聽到叩擊聲，比剛才聽起來明顯。“肯定，”我說，“肯定有什么在我的窗欞；讓我瞧瞧是什么在那兒，去把那秘密發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓我的心先鎮(zhèn)靜一會兒，去把那秘密發(fā)現(xiàn)；那不過是風(fēng)，別無他般！然后我推開了窗戶，隨著翅膀的一陣猛撲，一只神圣往昔的烏鴉莊重地走進(jìn)我房間；它既沒向我致意問候，也沒有片刻的停留，而是以紳士淑女的風(fēng)度棲到我房門的上面，棲在我房門上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面；棲息在那兒，僅如此這般。于是這只黑鳥把我悲傷的幻覺哄騙成微笑，以它那老成持重一本正經(jīng)溫文爾雅的容顏，“冠毛雖被剪除，”我說，“但你顯然不是懦夫，你這幽靈般可怕的古鴉，漂泊來自夜的彼岸，請告訴我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府陰間！” 烏鴉答曰“永不復(fù)焉”。聽見如此直率的回答，我對這丑鳥感到驚訝，盡管它的回答不著邊際——與提問幾乎無關(guān)；因?yàn)槲覀儾坏貌怀姓J(rèn)，從來沒有活著的世人曾如此有幸地看見一只鳥棲在他房門的上面，看見鳥或獸棲在他房門上方的半身雕像上面，而且名叫“永不復(fù)焉”。但那只棲于肅穆的半身雕像上的烏鴉只說了這一句話，仿佛它傾瀉靈魂就用那一個字眼。然后它便一聲不吭——也不把它的羽毛拍動，直到我?guī)缀踉卩哉Z“其他朋友早已離散，明晨它也將離我而去，如同我的希望已消散?！? 這時烏鴉說“永不復(fù)焉”。驚異于屋里的寂靜被如此恰當(dāng)?shù)幕卦挻蚱疲翱隙?，”我說，“此話是它惟一會說的人言，從它不幸的主人口中學(xué)來。一連串橫禍飛災(zāi)曾接踵而至，直到它主人的歌中有了這字眼，直到他希望的挽歌中有了這個憂郁的字眼—— 永不復(fù)焉，永不復(fù)焉?！钡侵粸貘f仍然在騙我悲傷的靈魂露出微笑，我即刻拖了張軟椅到門邊雕像下那烏鴉跟前；然后坐在天鵝絨椅墊上，我開始產(chǎn)生聯(lián)想，浮想連著浮想，猜度這不祥的古鳥何出此言，這只猙獰丑陋可怕不吉不祥的古鳥何出此言，為何對我說“永不復(fù)焉”。我坐著猜想那意思，但沒對烏鴉說片語只言，此時，它炯炯發(fā)光的眼睛已燃燒進(jìn)我的心坎；我依然坐在那兒猜度，把我的頭靠得很舒服，舒舒服服地靠著在燈光凝視下的天鵝絨椅墊，但在這燈光凝視著的紫色的天鵝絨椅墊上面，她還會靠么？啊，永不復(fù)焉！接著我覺得空氣變得稠密，被無形香爐熏香，提香爐的撒拉弗的腳步聲響在有簇飾的地板?！翱蓱z的人，”我嘆道，“是上帝派天使為你送藥，這忘憂藥能終止你對失去的麗諾爾的思念；喝吧，喝吧，忘掉你對失去的麗諾爾的思念！” 這時烏鴉說“永不復(fù)焉”?！跋戎?！”我說“不管是先知是魔鬼，是鳥是魔，是不是撒旦派你，或是暴風(fēng)雨拋你，來到此岸，來到這片妖惑鬼祟但卻不懼怕魔鬼的荒原——來到這恐怖的小屋——告訴我真話，求你可憐！基列有香膏嗎？告訴我，告訴我，求你可憐！” 烏鴉說“永不復(fù)焉”?！跋戎?！”我說“不管是先知是魔鬼，是鳥是魔，憑著我們都崇拜的上帝——憑著我們頭頂?shù)纳n天，請告訴這充滿悲傷的靈魂。它能否在遙遠(yuǎn)的仙境擁抱一位被天使叫作麗諾爾的少女，她纖塵不染，擁抱一位被天使叫作麗諾爾的少女，她美麗嬌艷。” 烏鴉說“永不復(fù)焉”?！白屵@話做我們的告別辭，鳥或魔！”我起身吼道，“回你的暴風(fēng)雨中去吧，回你黑沉沉的夜之彼岸！別留下你黑色的羽毛作為你靈魂撒過謊的象征！留給我完整的孤獨(dú)！快從我門上的雕像上滾蛋！讓你的嘴離開我的心；讓你的身子離開我房間！” 烏鴉答曰“永不復(fù)焉”。那只鳥鴉并沒飛走，它仍然棲息，仍然棲息，棲息在房門上方蒼白的帕拉斯半身雕像上面；它的眼光與正在做夢的魔鬼的眼光一模一樣，照在它身上的燈光把它的陰影投射在地板；而我的靈魂，會從那團(tuán)在地板上漂浮的陰影中解脫么——永不復(fù)焉！譯者曹明倫 [4]創(chuàng)作背景播報(bào)編輯愛倫·坡的這只會說話的烏鴉的靈感可能是從英國作家狄更斯1841年寫的小說《巴納比·拉奇》中獲得的（梅利莎，2007：48）。愛倫·坡曾對這部小說寫過一篇很長的評論。除了把烏鴉和死亡聯(lián)系在一起以外，愛倫·坡還賦予這只烏鴉以權(quán)威和力量。于是這只烏鴉的反應(yīng)進(jìn)而加深了他的痛苦。 [5]作品鑒賞播報(bào)編輯《烏鴉》是愛倫·坡的代表詩作。在《烏鴉》中，愛倫·坡的詩情和詩藝得到了好的展現(xiàn)，它是愛倫·坡的創(chuàng)作思想和創(chuàng)作手法的集中體現(xiàn)?！稙貘f》像愛倫·坡的許多短篇故事和詩歌一樣，情節(jié)極其簡單，然而有著嚴(yán)格、華麗的形式美、音樂美。 [3]在《烏鴉》一詩中，烏鴉出現(xiàn)在午夜，主人公疲憊、痛苦，沉浸在逝去心愛的人的痛苦之中。而烏鴉從黑暗中來，宛若是來自冥府的信使，又信步棲在房門上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面，如智慧女神的使者。一開始烏鴉被主人公視為冥界之鴉，神氣地棲在神像上，“因?yàn)槲覀儾坏貌怀姓J(rèn)，從來沒有活著的世人曾如此有幸地看見一只鳥棲在他的門房上面，看見鳥或獸棲在門房上方的半身雕像上面，而且名叫‘永不復(fù)焉?！睘貘f名曰“永不復(fù)焉”，意味著人死不能復(fù)還，主人公此時便沉浸在逝去美人夭亡的悲痛之中。當(dāng)主人公細(xì)思烏鴉何出此言時，他認(rèn)為烏鴉是神派來送忘憂草，送來慰藉。這時，他不但沒有接受，反而拒絕停止對逝去美人的哀傷，繼續(xù)沉浸其中。似乎在當(dāng)時的情境，停止憂傷是不合時宜的。他繼而怒斥烏鴉是撒旦派來的惡魔，讓其回到“暴風(fēng)雨中”，回到冥界，“別留下你黑色的羽毛作為你靈魂撒過謊的象征！”詩中烏鴉既帶著負(fù)面的色彩，象征著死亡和絕望，又似乎帶著光芒，希望人們回到理性，不要沉浸在感性帶來的悲痛中。主人公在歷經(jīng)著豐富的心理活動，得到的回應(yīng)卻永遠(yuǎn)都是不變的“永不復(fù)焉”，隨著對“永不復(fù)焉”的解讀變化，最終，感性戰(zhàn)勝了理性，主人公使用了烏鴉代表謊言的意象——黑色羽毛，怒斥讓其回到代表死亡的暴風(fēng)雨和冥府。 [6]作品影響播報(bào)編輯1845年，愛倫·坡以筆名柯爾斯在《夜鏡報(bào)》上發(fā)表，立刻引起贊賞；同年，《烏鴉》在英國發(fā)表，立刻引起轟動，勃郎寧夫人曾給坡寫信道：“我的朋友有的被它（指《烏鴉》）的恐怖性迷住了，有的被它的音樂性迷住了”；在法國，愛倫·坡更是被當(dāng)作精神領(lǐng)袖崇拜，1859年，法國19世紀(jì)偉大的批評家和詩人波德萊爾為該詩法譯文的發(fā)表撰寫前言《一首詩的緣起》；在中國，郭沫若先生首先將其譯成中文，茅盾先生也給予了高度的評價。 [3]作者簡介播報(bào)編輯埃德加·愛倫·坡（Edgar Allen Poe）埃德加·愛倫·坡（Edgar Allan Poe）（1809.01.19～1849.10.07），19世紀(jì)美國文壇著名詩人、短篇小說家、文學(xué)評論家 [2]、文學(xué)批評理論家 [3]。代表作有小說《黑貓》、《厄舍府的倒塌》，詩歌《烏鴉》、《安娜貝爾·麗》等。新手上路成長任務(wù)編輯入門編輯規(guī)則本人編輯我有疑問內(nèi)容質(zhì)疑在線客服官方貼吧意見反饋投訴建議舉報(bào)不良信息未通過詞條申訴投訴侵權(quán)信息封禁查詢與解封?2024?Baidu?使用百度前必讀?|?百科協(xié)議?|?隱私政策?|?百度百科合作平臺?|?京ICP證030173號?京公網(wǎng)安備110000020000

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe | Poetry Foundation

agendaangle-downangle-leftangleRightarrow-downarrowRightbarscalendarcaret-downcartchildrenhighlightlearningResourceslistmapMarkeropenBookp1pinpoetry-magazineprintquoteLeftquoteRightslideshowtagAudiotagVideoteenstrash-o

Show Menu

Poetry Foundation

Poems & Poets

Poems Home

Poem Guides

Poets Home

Poem of the Day

Collections

Harriet

Harriet Books

Featured Blogger

All Posts

Articles

Articles Home

Essays

Interviews

Profiles

All Articles

Video

Video Home

All Videos

Podcasts

Podcasts Home

All Podcasts

Learn

Learn Home

Children

Teens

Adults

Educators

Glossary of Poetic Terms

Poetry Out Loud

Events

Upcoming Events

All Past Events

Exhibitions

Poetry Magazine

Poetry Magazine Home

Current Issue

Poetry Magazine Archive

Subscriptions

About the Magazine

How to Submit

Advertise with Us

About Us

About Us Home

Visit

Library

Foundation News

Awards & Grants

Media Partnerships

People

Press Releases

Newsletter

About Us

About Us Home

Visit

Library

Foundation News

Awards & Grants

Media Partnerships

People

Press Releases

Newsletters

Poetry Foundation

Poems & Poets

Poems Home

Poem Guides

Poets Home

Poem of the Day

Collections

Harriet

Harriet Books

Featured Blogger

All Posts

Articles

Articles Home

Essays

Interviews

Profiles

All Articles

Video

Video Home

All Videos

Podcasts

Podcasts Home

All Podcasts

Learn

Learn Home

Children

Teens

Adults

Educators

Glossary of Poetic Terms

Poetry Out Loud

Events

Upcoming Events

All Past Events

Exhibitions

Poetry Magazine

Poetry Magazine Home

Current Issue

Poetry Magazine Archive

Subscriptions

About the Magazine

How to Submit

Advertise with Us

Back to Previous

The Raven

By Edgar Allan Poe

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore— ??? While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door— ????????????Only this and nothing more.” ??? Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December; And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. ??? Eagerly I wished the morrow;—vainly I had sought to borrow ??? From my books surcease of sorrow—sorrow for the lost Lenore— For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore— ????????????Nameless here for evermore. ??? And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtain Thrilled me—filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before; ??? So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating ??? “’Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door— Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;— ????????????This it is and nothing more.” ??? Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer, “Sir,” said I, “or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore; ??? But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping, ??? And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door, That I scarce was sure I heard you”—here I opened wide the door;— ????????????Darkness there and nothing more. ??? Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before; ??? But the silence was unbroken, and the stillness gave no token, ??? And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, “Lenore?” This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, “Lenore!”— ????????????Merely this and nothing more. ??? Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning, Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before. ??? “Surely,” said I, “surely that is something at my window lattice; ??????Let me see, then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore— Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore;— ????????????’Tis the wind and nothing more!” ??? Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter, In there stepped a stately Raven of the saintly days of yore; ??? Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he; ??? But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door— Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door— ????????????Perched, and sat, and nothing more. Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling, By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore, “Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou,” I said, “art sure no craven, Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightly shore— Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night’s Plutonian shore!” ????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” ??? Much I marvelled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly, Though its answer little meaning—little relevancy bore; ??? For we cannot help agreeing that no living human being ??? Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his chamber door— Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above his chamber door, ????????????With such name as “Nevermore.” ??? But the Raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke only That one word, as if his soul in that one word he did outpour. ??? Nothing farther then he uttered—not a feather then he fluttered— ??? Till I scarcely more than muttered “Other friends have flown before— On the morrow he will leave me, as my Hopes have flown before.” ????????????Then the bird said “Nevermore.” ??? Startled at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken, “Doubtless,” said I, “what it utters is its only stock and store ??? Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful Disaster ??? Followed fast and followed faster till his songs one burden bore— Till the dirges of his Hope that melancholy burden bore ????????????Of ‘Never—nevermore’.” ??? But the Raven still beguiling all my fancy into smiling, Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, and bust and door; ??? Then, upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking ??? Fancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird of yore— What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore ????????????Meant in croaking “Nevermore.” ??? This I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressing To the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom’s core; ??? This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease reclining ??? On the cushion’s velvet lining that the lamp-light gloated o’er, But whose velvet-violet lining with the lamp-light gloating o’er, ????????????She shall press, ah, nevermore! ??? Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from an unseen censer Swung by Seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor. ??? “Wretch,” I cried, “thy God hath lent thee—by these angels he hath sent thee ??? Respite—respite and nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore; Quaff, oh quaff this kind nepenthe and forget this lost Lenore!” ????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” ??? “Prophet!” said I, “thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!— Whether Tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore, ??? Desolate yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted— ??? On this home by Horror haunted—tell me truly, I implore— Is there—is there balm in Gilead?—tell me—tell me, I implore!” ????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” ??? “Prophet!” said I, “thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil! By that Heaven that bends above us—by that God we both adore— ??? Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn, ??? It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels name Lenore— Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore.” ????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” ??? “Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!” I shrieked, upstarting— “Get thee back into the tempest and the Night’s Plutonian shore! ??? Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken! ??? Leave my loneliness unbroken!—quit the bust above my door! Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door!” ????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” ??? And the Raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door; ??? And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon’s that is dreaming, ??? And the lamp-light o’er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor; And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor ????????????Shall be lifted—nevermore!

Public domain. First published by Wiley and Putnam, 1845, in The Raven and Other Poems????????by Edgar Allan Poe.

Share on Twitter

Share on Facebook

Print this page

Email this page

More About this Poem

collection

Common Core State Standards Text Exemplars

By The Editors

Poems to integrate into your English Language Arts classroom.

collection

It’s Complicated: Love Poems

By The Editors

Love, I’m done with you!

Archive Editor's Note

A Petition to Recognize International Porcupine Quill Poking Day: Editor’s Discussion, October 2022

By The Editors & Robert Eric Shoemaker

October 3, 2022

A peek “behind the scenes” at how you, reader of the Poem of the Day, get “World Egg Day,” “National Sea Serpent Day,” and your monthly U.F.O. sighting anniversary.

Featured Blogger

Alliteration (Part I)

By Armen Davoudian

January 30, 2023

It’s easy to get lost in debates around form and content, or form and function, or form and freedom, or form and fill-in-the-blank—arguments for the importance of one side over...

Video

Hank Green reads “The Raven”

From Ours Poetica

Hank Green reads a quintessential Halloween poem, “The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe.

Essay on Poetic Theory

The Philosophy of Composition

By Edgar Allan Poe

1846

Charles Dickens, in a note now lying before me, alluding to an examination I once made of the mechanism of “Barnaby Rudge,” says—“By the way, are you aware that Godwin...

More Poems by Edgar Allan Poe

Annabel Lee

By Edgar Allan Poe

A Dream

By Edgar Allan Poe

For Annie

By Edgar Allan Poe

To Helen

By Edgar Allan Poe

To -- -- --. Ulalume: A Ballad

By Edgar Allan Poe

See All Poems by this Author

Poems

All Poems

Poem Guides

Audio Poems

Collections

Poets

All Poets

Articles

Essays

Interviews

Profiles

All Articles

Video

All Video

Podcasts

All Podcasts

Audio Poem of the Day

Learn

Children

Teens

Adults

Educators

Glossary of Poetic Terms

Poetry Out Loud

Events

All Past Events

Exhibitions

Poetry Magazine

Current Issue

Poetry Magazine Archive

Subscriptions

About the Magazine

How to Submit

Advertise with Us

About Us

Give

Visit

Library

Foundation News

Awards & Grants

Media Partnerships

People

Press Releases

Jobs

Twitter

Find us on Twitter

Facebook

Find us on Facebook

Instagram

Find us on Instagram

Facebook

Find us on Facebook

Poetry Foundation Children

Twitter

Find us on Twitter

Poetry Magazine

Newsletters

Press

Poetry Mobile App

61 West Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60654

? 2024 Poetry Foundation

See a problem on this page?

More About This Poem

The Raven

By Edgar Allan Poe

About this Poet

Edgar Allan Poe’s stature as a major figure in world literature is primarily based on his ingenious and profound short stories, poems, and critical theories, which established a highly influential rationale for the short form in both poetry and fiction. Regarded in literary histories and...

Read Full Biography

More About this Poet

Region:

U.S., Mid-Atlantic

School/Period:

Victorian

Quick Tags

Living

Disappointment & Failure

Sorrow & Grieving

Mythology & Folklore

Ghosts & the Supernatural

Horror

Halloween

Raven 《烏鴉》愛倫坡中英對照

登錄/注冊

下載豆瓣客戶端

豆瓣 6.0 全新發(fā)布

豆瓣

掃碼直接下載

iPhone

Android

豆瓣

讀書

電影

音樂

同城

小組

閱讀

時間

豆品

豆瓣社區(qū)

搜索：

搜索你感興趣的內(nèi)容和人...

首頁

瀏覽發(fā)現(xiàn)

話題廣場

快速注冊

Raven 《烏鴉》愛倫坡中英對照

5羥色胺

2017-12-12 10:22:37

The Raven烏鴉埃德加·愛倫·坡著曹明倫譯Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weakry. 從前一個陰郁的子夜，我獨(dú)自沉思，慵懶疲竭， Over many a quint and curious volume of forgotten lore.沉思許多古怪而離奇、早已被人遺忘的傳聞——While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,當(dāng)我開始打盹，幾乎入睡，突然傳來一陣輕擂，As of some one rapping, rapping at my chamber door.仿佛有人在輕輕叩擊，輕輕叩擊我的房門。"'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door--“有人來了，”我輕聲嘟喃，“正在叩擊我的房門——Only this, and nothing more."唯此而已，別無他般?！盇h, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December,哦，我清楚地記得那是在蕭瑟的十二月；And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.每一團(tuán)奄奄一息的余燼都形成陰影伏在地板。Eagerly I wished the morrow; -vainly I had tried to borrow我當(dāng)時真盼望翌日；——因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)枉費(fèi)心機(jī)From my books surcease of sorrow - sorrow for the lost Lenore-想用書來消除悲哀——消除因失去麗諾爾的悲嘆——For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore-因那被天使叫作麗諾爾的少女，她美麗嬌艷——Nameless here for evermore在這兒卻默默無聞，直至永遠(yuǎn)。And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain那柔軟、暗淡、颯颯飄動的每一塊紫色窗布Thrilled me-filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before;使我心中充滿前所未有的恐怖——我毛骨驚然；So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating為平息我心兒停跳．我站起身反復(fù)叨念" ' Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door-“這是有人想進(jìn)屋，在叩我的房門——。Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;-更深夜半有人想進(jìn)屋，在叩我的房門；——This it is and nothing more.唯此而已，別無他般?！盤resently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer,很快我的心變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；不再猶疑，不再彷徨，"Sir," said I, "or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore;“先生，”我說，“或夫人，我求你多多包涵；But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping,剛才我正睡意昏昏，而你來敲門又那么輕，And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door,你來敲門又那么輕，輕輕叩擊我的房門，That I scarce was sure I heard you"--here I opened wide the door;我差點(diǎn)以為沒聽見你”——說著我拉開門扇；——Darkness there, and nothing more.唯有黑夜，別無他般。Deep into that: darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing凝視著夜色幽幽，我站在門邊驚懼良久，Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before;疑惑中似乎夢見從前沒人敢夢見的夢幻；But the silence was unbroken, and the darkness gave no token,可那未被打破的寂靜，沒顯示任何跡象。And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, "Lenore!"“麗諾爾？”便是我囁嚅念叨的唯一字眼，This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, " Lenore! "我念叨“麗諾爾！”，回聲把這名字輕輕送還，Merely this, and nothing more.唯此而已，別無他般。Then into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning,我轉(zhuǎn)身回到房中，我的整個心燒灼般疼痛，Soon I heard again a tapping somewhat louder than before.很快我又聽到叩擊聲，比剛才聽起來明顯。"Surely," said I, "surely that is something at my window lattice;“肯定，”我說，“肯定有什么在我的窗欞；Let me see, then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore-讓我瞧瞧是什么在那里，去把那秘密發(fā)現(xiàn)——Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore;讓我的心先鎮(zhèn)靜一會兒，去把那秘密發(fā)現(xiàn)；——'Tis the wind, and nothing more!那不過是風(fēng)，別無他般！”O(jiān)pen here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter.我猛然推開窗戶，。心兒撲撲直跳就像打鼓，In there stepped a stately raven of the saintly days of yore;一只神圣往昔的健壯烏鴉慢慢走進(jìn)我房間；Not the least obeisance made he; not an instant stopped or stayed he;它既沒向我致意問候；也沒有片刻的停留；But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door-而以紳士淑女的風(fēng)度，棲在我房門的上面——Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door-棲在我房門上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面——Perched, and sat, and nothing more.棲坐在那兒，僅如此這般。Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,于是這只黑鳥把我悲傷的幻覺哄騙成微笑，By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,以它那老成持重一本正經(jīng)溫文爾雅的容顏，"Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou," I said, "art sure no craven,“雖然冠毛被剪除，”我說，“但你肯定不是懦夫，Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the Nightly shore-你這幽靈般可怕的古鴉，漂泊來自夜的彼岸——Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night ' s Plutonian shore! "請告訴我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府陰間！”Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. "烏鴉答日“永不復(fù)述?！盡uch I marveled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly,聽見如此直率的回答，我驚嘆這丑陋的烏鴉，Though its answer little meaning-little relevancy hore;雖說它的回答不著邊際——與提問幾乎無關(guān)；For we cannot help agreeing that no sublunary being因?yàn)槲覀儾坏貌怀姓J(rèn)，從來沒有活著的世人Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his chamber door-曾如此有幸地看見一只鳥棲在他房門的面——Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above I us chamber door,鳥或獸棲在他房間門上方的半身雕像上面，With such mime as "Nevermore.有這種名字“水不復(fù)還?！盉ut the raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke only但那只獨(dú)棲于肅穆的半身雕像上的烏鴉只說了That one word, as if his soul in that ill~ word he did outpour.這一句話，仿佛它傾瀉靈魂就用那一個字眼。Nothing farther then he uttered-not a feather then he fluttered-然后它便一聲不吭——也不把它的羽毛拍動——Till I scarcely more than muttered, "Other friends have flown before-直到我?guī)缀跏遣覆缸哉Z“其他朋友早已消散——On the morrow he will leave me, as my hopes have flown before. "明晨它也將離我而去——如同我的希望已消散?！盦uoth the raven, "Nevermore. "這時那鳥說“永不復(fù)還?！盬ondering at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken,驚異于那死寂漠漠被如此恰當(dāng)?shù)幕卦挻蚱疲?Doubtless," said I, "what it utters is its only stock and store,"“肯定，”我說，“這句話是它唯一的本錢，Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful Disaster從它不幸動主人那兒學(xué)未。一連串無情飛災(zāi)Followed fast and followed fastel-so, when Hope he would adjure,曾接踵而至，直到它主人的歌中有了這字眼——Stern Despair returned, instead of the sweet Hope he dared adjure-直到他希望的挽歌中有了這個憂傷的字眼That sad answer, "Nevermore!"‘永不復(fù)還，永不復(fù)還?！盉ut the raven still beguiling all my sad soul into smiling,但那只烏鴉仍然把我悲傷的幻覺哄騙成微笑，Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, and bust, and door;我即刻拖了張軟椅到門旁雕像下那只鳥跟前；Then upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking然后坐在天鵝絨椅墊上，我開始冥思苦想，F(xiàn)ancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird of yore-浮想連著浮想，猜度這不祥的古鳥何出此言——What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore這只猙獰丑陋可怕不吉不祥的古鳥何出此言，Meant in croaking "Nevermore. "為何聒噪‘永不復(fù)還。”This I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressing我坐著猜想那意見但沒對那鳥說片語只言。To the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom's core;此時，它炯炯發(fā)光的眼睛已燃燒進(jìn)我的心坎；This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease reclining我依然坐在那兒猜度，把我的頭靠得很舒服，On the cushion's velvet lining that the lamplight gloated o'er,舒舒服服地靠在那被燈光凝視的天鵝絨襯墊，But whose velvet violet lining with the lamplight gloating o'er,但被燈光愛慕地凝視著的紫色的天鵝絨襯墊，She shall press, ah, nevermore!她將顯出，啊，永不復(fù)還！Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from an unseen censer接著我想，空氣變得稠密，被無形香爐熏香，Swung by angels whose faint foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor.提香爐的撒拉弗的腳步聲響在有簇飾的地板。"Wretch," I cried, "thy God hath lent thee-by these angels he hath sent thee“可憐的人，”我呼叫，“是上帝派天使為你送藥，Respite-respite and Nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore!這忘憂藥能中止你對失去的麗諾爾的思念；Let me quaff this kind Nepenthe and forget this lost Lenore!"喝吧如吧，忘掉對失去的麗諾爾的思念！”Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. "烏鴉說“永不復(fù)還。”"Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil! -prophet still, if bird or devil! -“先知！”我說“兇兆！——仍是先知，不管是鳥還是魔！Whether Tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore,是不是魔鬼送你，或是暴風(fēng)雨拋你來到此岸，Desolate, yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted-孤獨(dú)但毫不氣餒，在這片妖惑鬼崇的荒原——On this home by Horror haunted-tell me truly, I implore-在這恐怖縈繞之家——告訴我真話，求你可憐——Is there-is there balm in Gilead?-tell me-tell me, I implore!"基列有香膏嗎？——告訴我——告訴我，求你可憐！”Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. "烏鴉說“永不復(fù)還?！?Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil! -prophet still, if bird or devil!“先知！”我說，“兇兆！——仍是先知、不管是鳥是魔！By that Heaven that bends above us-by that God we both adore-憑我們頭頂?shù)纳n天起誓——憑我們都崇拜的上帝起誓——Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn (8),告訴這充滿悲傷的靈魂。它能否在遙遠(yuǎn)的仙境It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels name Lenore-擁抱被天使叫作麗諾爾的少女，她纖塵不染——Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore.擁抱被天使叫作麗諾爾的少女，她美麗嬌艷?！盦uoth the raven, "Nevermore. "烏鴉說“永不復(fù)還?！?Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!" I shrieked, upstarting-“讓這話做我們的道別之辭，鳥或魔！”我突然叫道——"Get thee back into the tempest and the Night's plutonian shore!“回你的暴風(fēng)雨中去吧，回你黑沉沉的冥府陰間！Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!別留下黑色羽毛作為你的靈魂謊言的象征！Leave my loneliness unbroken! -quit the bust above my door!留給我完整的孤獨(dú)！——快從我門上的雕像滾蛋！Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door! "從我心中帶走你的嘴；從我房門帶走你的外觀！”Quoth the raven, "Nevermore. "烏鴉說“永不復(fù)還?！盇nd the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting那烏鴉并沒飛去，它仍然棲息，仍然棲息On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;在房門上方那蒼白的帕拉斯半身雕像上面；And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon that is dreaming,而它的眼光與正在做夢的魔鬼眼光一模一樣，And the lamp-light o' er him streaming throve his shadow on the floor;照在它身上的燈光把它的陰影投射在地板；And my soul from out chat shadow that lies floating on the floor而我的靈魂，會從那團(tuán)在地板上漂浮的陰暗Shall be lifted-nevermore!被擢升么——永不復(fù)還！-----------------------------------------------------------------------因?yàn)樽罱鲎帜唬诰W(wǎng)上找這首詩的中英對照，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)只有中英文分開的版本，所以特別處理了一份中英逐行對照版本，用于參考和學(xué)習(xí)。

文學(xué)

日記被設(shè)為不允許回應(yīng)

贊

轉(zhuǎn)發(fā) 29

微信掃碼

新浪微博

QQ好友

QQ空間

回應(yīng)

轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)

贊

5羥色胺

(北京)

你生活中發(fā)生的99%的事情，對于別人都是毫無意義的

熱門話題

?·?·?·?·?·?·

去話題廣場

)

哪個瞬間讓你體會到成人世界的不容易？

400.8萬次瀏覽

你關(guān)于坐飛機(jī)的慘痛經(jīng)歷

89.4萬次瀏覽

視頻·我拍攝的各地噴泉

23.8萬次瀏覽

四大名著里哪個人物你最難忘？

17.1萬次瀏覽

我的印度朋友

59.0萬次瀏覽

求職中遇到的那些坑

64.7萬次瀏覽

關(guān)于豆瓣

· 在豆瓣工作

· 聯(lián)系我們

· 法律聲明

· 幫助中心

· 移動應(yīng)用

· 豆瓣廣告

如何評價艾倫·坡的詩歌《烏鴉》(“The Raven”)? - 知乎

如何評價艾倫·坡的詩歌《烏鴉》(“The Raven”)? - 知乎首頁知乎知學(xué)堂發(fā)現(xiàn)等你來答?切換模式登錄/注冊外國文學(xué)愛倫·坡（Edgar Allen Poe）如何看待/評價TA如何評價艾倫·坡的詩歌《烏鴉》(“The Raven”)?請從該詩的寫作手法，立意，後世影響等進(jìn)行分析關(guān)注者12被瀏覽11,895關(guān)注問題?寫回答?邀請回答?好問題?添加評論?分享?3 個回答默認(rèn)排序知乎用戶本人只是一個普通的文藝愛好者，沒念過什么書，只讀過他的一篇小說和一首詩致海倫。讀了烏鴉這首詩，覺得表達(dá)了作者對西方文明衰落一種失望情緒。發(fā)布于 2017-12-28 12:58?贊同 2??2 條評論?分享?收藏?喜歡收起?沒有智慧?咸魚界愛好藝術(shù)的量子波動陰陽大師? 關(guān)注看到這個回答才知道The Raven是allan poe 寫的這首詩我印象特別深，是我學(xué)的第一首英文詩歌，高二英語課的時候老師花了兩節(jié)課時間賞析先占坑真的沒有想到是Allan Poe寫的，看黑貓的時候就被他的用詞所折服。這種巧合也是一種美好的回憶編輯于 2021-12-30 00:11?贊同 7??添加評論?分享?收藏?喜歡收起??

Raven | Size & Facts | Britannica

Search Britannica

Click here to search

Search Britannica

Click here to search

Home

Games & Quizzes

History & Society

Science & Tech

Biographies

Animals & Nature

Geography & Travel

Arts & Culture

Money

Videos

On This Day

One Good Fact

Dictionary

New Articles

History & Society

Lifestyles & Social Issues

Philosophy & Religion

Politics, Law & Government

World History

Science & Tech

Health & Medicine

Science

Technology

Biographies

Browse Biographies

Animals & Nature

Birds, Reptiles & Other Vertebrates

Bugs, Mollusks & Other Invertebrates

Environment

Fossils & Geologic Time

Mammals

Plants

Geography & Travel

Arts & Culture

Entertainment & Pop Culture

Literature

Sports & Recreation

Visual Arts

Companions

Demystified

Image Galleries

Infographics

Lists

Podcasts

Spotlights

Summaries

The Forum

英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例(30）：《The Raven》（揚(yáng)抑格） - 知乎

英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例(30）：《The Raven》（揚(yáng)抑格） - 知乎切換模式寫文章登錄/注冊英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例(30）：《The Raven》（揚(yáng)抑格）寒原 Jeff游離于世俗之外，追逐心中所愛，忠于自己和我愛的人，盡情地燃靈《烏鴉 (The Raven）》，是美國作家埃德加·愛倫·坡所創(chuàng)作的一首敘事詩，于1845年1月首次出版。它的音調(diào)優(yōu)美，措辭獨(dú)具風(fēng)格，詩句并有著超自然的氛圍。我們來對它的節(jié)奏韻律作一個詳細(xì)的分析。節(jié)奏韻律分析：（1）這是一首揚(yáng)抑格八音步（trochaic octameter）的敘事詩歌（narrative poem ）。（2）這首長詩，共有108個詩行，分為18個詩節(jié)，每個詩節(jié)有六個詩行，即六行詩節(jié)（sestets)。（3）每一詩節(jié)的前五個詩行：每一詩行有16個音節(jié)，構(gòu)成八個音步。下圖是第一詩行的音步劃分，U = 非重讀音節(jié)（short syllable）； / = 重讀音節(jié)（long syllable）（5）每一詩節(jié)的第六個詩行，只有四個揚(yáng)抑格音步。更詳細(xì)的音步劃分及分析，可以參考下面的文章。（6）整首詩的韻腳是：ABCBBB下圖是前三詩節(jié)的韻腳：（ABCBBB) (DBEBBB) (FBCBBB)（7）“B” 韻總是有一個 “or” 音 (例如：Lenore, door, nevermore, etc.)。（8）這首詩是一種特殊的韻律詩（catalectic poetry)。這種韻律詩的特殊之處在于：音步是不完全的，即最后音步缺少一音節(jié)。此種韻詩構(gòu)成了不完整的詩行。（9）有 “B” 韻的詩行是不完整詩行（catalectic）：最后一個音步只有重讀音節(jié)，而非重讀音節(jié)被去掉。（10）每一詩節(jié)的最后一個詩行也是不完整詩行（catalectic）。《The Raven》BY EDGAR ALLAN POEOnce upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,

Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—

While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,

As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.

“’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door—

Only this and nothing more.”

Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December;

And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.

Eagerly I wished the morrow;—vainly I had sought to borrow

From my books surcease of sorrow—sorrow for the lost Lenore—

For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore—

Nameless here for evermore.

And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtain

Thrilled me—filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before;

So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating

“’Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door—

Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;—

This it is and nothing more.”

Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer,

“Sir,” said I, “or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore;

But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping,

And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door,

That I scarce was sure I heard you”—here I opened wide the door;—

Darkness there and nothing more.

Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing,

Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before;

But the silence was unbroken, and the stillness gave no token,

And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, “Lenore?”

This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, “Lenore!”—

Merely this and nothing more.

Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning,

Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before.

“Surely,” said I, “surely that is something at my window lattice;

Let me see, then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore—

Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore;—

’Tis the wind and nothing more!”

Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter,

In there stepped a stately Raven of the saintly days of yore;

Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he;

But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door—

Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door—

Perched, and sat, and nothing more.

Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,

By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,

“Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou,” I said, “art sure no craven,

Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightly shore—

Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night’s Plutonian shore!”

Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

Much I marvelled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly,

Though its answer little meaning—little relevancy bore;

For we cannot help agreeing that no living human being

Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his chamber door—

Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above his chamber door,

With such name as “Nevermore.”

But the Raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke only

That one word, as if his soul in that one word he did outpour.

Nothing farther then he uttered—not a feather then he fluttered—

Till I scarcely more than muttered “Other friends have flown before—

On the morrow he will leave me, as my Hopes have flown before.”

Then the bird said “Nevermore.”

Startled at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken,

“Doubtless,” said I, “what it utters is its only stock and store

Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful Disaster

Followed fast and followed faster till his songs one burden bore—

Till the dirges of his Hope that melancholy burden bore

Of ‘Never—nevermore’.”

But the Raven still beguiling all my fancy into smiling,

Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, and bust and door;

Then, upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking

Fancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird of yore—

What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore

Meant in croaking “Nevermore.”

This I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressing

To the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom’s core;

This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease reclining

On the cushion’s velvet lining that the lamp-light gloated o’er,

But whose velvet-violet lining with the lamp-light gloating o’er,

She shall press, ah, nevermore!

Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from an unseen censer

Swung by Seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor.

“Wretch,” I cried, “thy God hath lent thee—by these angels he hath sent thee

Respite—respite and nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore;

Quaff, oh quaff this kind nepenthe and forget this lost Lenore!”

Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

“Prophet!” said I, “thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!—

Whether Tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore,

Desolate yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted—

On this home by Horror haunted—tell me truly, I implore—

Is there—is there balm in Gilead?—tell me—tell me, I implore!”

Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

“Prophet!” said I, “thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!

By that Heaven that bends above us—by that God we both adore—

Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn,

It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels name Lenore—

Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore.”

Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

“Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!” I shrieked, upstarting—

“Get thee back into the tempest and the Night’s Plutonian shore!

Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!

Leave my loneliness unbroken!—quit the bust above my door!

Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door!”

Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

And the Raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting

On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;

And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon’s that is dreaming,

And the lamp-light o’er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor;

And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor

Shall be lifted—nevermore!更多英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例：—— 英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例（1-a) 莎士比亞十四行詩第18首—— 英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例（8) 莎士比亞十四行詩第130首—— 英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例（7）華茲華斯十四行詩《致杜鵑》—— 英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例（9）美國詩人佛羅斯特《Stopping by Woods》—— 英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例（10）英國詩人西格夫里·薩松的《Glory of Women》—— 斯賓塞的十四行詩 sonnet75 格律分析——《紅樓夢》的對聯(lián)翻譯成英文格律詩—— 英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例（17）霍普金斯《Spring》—— 英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例（21）《The Rhodora》R. W. Emerson參考資料—— Rhyme and Meter - The Raven—— 英文詩專業(yè)用語的中文翻譯編輯于 2022-07-28 09:07詩歌欣賞詩歌西方詩歌?贊同 9??7 條評論?分享?喜歡?收藏?申請

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe (Poem + Analysis)

Poets

Explore the Best Poets

Poet A-Z

Poet Biographies

Poet Quotes

Glossary

Explore

AI Poem Generator

Poem PDF Guides

PDF Learning Library

Education

Explore the Best Poems

Poetry Archives

Poem Explorer

Poetry Explained

Poetry Videos

Support

About

Contact

Request a Poetry Analysis

Charity

Join Poetry+

I'm feeling unlucky

More results...

Poets

Explore the Best Poets

Poet A-Z

Poet Biographies

Poet Quotes

Glossary

Explore

AI Poem Generator

Poem PDF Guides

PDF Learning Library

Education

Explore the Best Poems

Poetry Archives

Poem Explorer

Poetry Explained

Poetry Videos

Support

About

Contact

Request a Poetry Analysis

Charity

Join Poetry+

The Raven

By Edgar Allan Poe

‘The Raven’ by Edgar Allan Poe presents an eerie raven who incessantly knocks over the speaker’s door and says only one word – “Nevermore.”

Read Poem

PDF Guide

Cite

ShareCopyXFacebookPinterestWhatsApp

Edgar Allan Poe

Nationality: American

Poet Guide

Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most popular horror and mystery writers of all time.

His work during the 19th century defined multiple genres.

Biography

Poems

Quotes

Key Poem Information

Unlock more with Poetry+

Central Message: Grief and loss can lead to a descent into madness and obsession.

Themes: Death, Journey, Spirituality

Speaker: A man grieving the loss of Lenore.

Emotions Evoked: Dishonesty, Fear, Grief

Poetic Form: Narrative

Time Period: 19th Century

This poem is a haunting and melancholic poem that explores themes of grief, loss, and mortality, showcasing Edgar Allan Poe's masterful use of language and symbolism.

View Poetry+ Review Corner

This popular narrative poem is written in the first person. ‘The Raven‘ personifies the feeling of intense grief and loss, while other symbols throughout the poem reinforce a melodramatic mood that emphasizes the main character’s grief and loss. ‘The Raven’ explores the world of emotional wars that individuals face in all walks of life; specifically, the fight one can never ignore, the fight of control over the emotions of grief and loss. These battles are not physical, but leave scarring and bruising just as if they were. Poe has produced a wonderful piece of work that resonates with the feelings and experiences of every reader that comes across this poem.

The Raven

Edgar Allan Poe

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore— While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.“’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door— Only this and nothing more.” Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December;And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow;—vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow—sorrow for the lost Lenore—For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore— Nameless here for evermore. And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtainThrilled me—filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before; So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating “’Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door—Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;— This it is and nothing more.” Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer,“Sir,” said I, “or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore; But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping, And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door,That I scarce was sure I heard you”—here I opened wide the door;— Darkness there and nothing more. Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing,Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before; But the silence was unbroken, and the stillness gave no token, And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, “Lenore?”This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, “Lenore!”— Merely this and nothing more. Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning,Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before. “Surely,” said I, “surely that is something at my window lattice; Let me see, then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore—Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore;— ’Tis the wind and nothing more!” Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter,In there stepped a stately Raven of the saintly days of yore; Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he; But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door—Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door— Perched, and sat, and nothing more.Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,“Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou,” I said, “art sure no craven,Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightly shore—Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night’s Plutonian shore!” Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” Much I marvelled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly,Though its answer little meaning—little relevancy bore; For we cannot help agreeing that no living human being Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his chamber door—Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above his chamber door, With such name as “Nevermore.” But the Raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke onlyThat one word, as if his soul in that one word he did outpour. Nothing farther then he uttered—not a feather then he fluttered— Till I scarcely more than muttered “Other friends have flown before—On the morrow he will leave me, as my Hopes have flown before.” Then the bird said “Nevermore.” Startled at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken,“Doubtless,” said I, “what it utters is its only stock and store Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful Disaster Followed fast and followed faster till his songs one burden bore—Till the dirges of his Hope that melancholy burden bore Of ‘Never—nevermore’.” But the Raven still beguiling all my fancy into smiling,Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, and bust and door; Then, upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking Fancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird of yore—What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore Meant in croaking “Nevermore.” This I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressingTo the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom’s core; This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease reclining On the cushion’s velvet lining that the lamp-light gloated o’er,But whose velvet-violet lining with the lamp-light gloating o’er, She shall press, ah, nevermore! Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from an unseen censerSwung by Seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor. “Wretch,” I cried, “thy God hath lent thee—by these angels he hath sent thee Respite—respite and nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore;Quaff, oh quaff this kind nepenthe and forget this lost Lenore!” Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” “Prophet!” said I, “thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!—Whether Tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore, Desolate yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted— On this home by Horror haunted—tell me truly, I implore—Is there—is there balm in Gilead?—tell me—tell me, I implore!” Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” “Prophet!” said I, “thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!By that Heaven that bends above us—by that God we both adore— Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn, It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels name Lenore—Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore.” Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” “Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!” I shrieked, upstarting—“Get thee back into the tempest and the Night’s Plutonian shore! Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken! Leave my loneliness unbroken!—quit the bust above my door!Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door!” Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.” And the Raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sittingOn the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door; And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon’s that is dreaming, And the lamp-light o’er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor;And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor Shall be lifted—nevermore!

Explore The Raven1 Summary2 Themes3 Structure and Form?4 Literary Devices5 Detailed Analysis6 Similar Poetry

Summary

‘The Raven‘?by Edgar Allan Poe(Bio | Poems) is a dark and mysterious poem in which the speaker converses with a raven.

Throughout the poem, the poet uses repetition to emphasize the mysterious knocking occurring in the speaker’s home in the middle of a cold December evening. The speaker tries to ignore it and convince himself that there’s no one there. But, eventually, he opens the door and looks into the darkness, wondering if it could be his beloved, Lenore, returned to him. No one is there, but a raven does fly into his room. It speaks to him, using only the word “Nevermore.” This is its response to everything the speaker asks of it.

Finally, the speaker decides that angels have caused the air to fill in density and wonders if they’re there to relieve him of his pain. The bird answers “Nevermore” and it appears the speaker is going to live forever in the shadow of the bust of Pallas above his door.

Themes

In?‘The Raven,’?Poe engages themes that include death and the afterlife. These two are some of the most common themes used throughout Poe’s oeuvre. These themes are accompanied by memory, loss, and the supernatural. Throughout the piece, the reader gets the sense that something terrible is about to happen or has just happened, to the speaker and those around him.

These themes are all emphasized by the speaker’s loneliness. He’s alone in his home on a cold evening, trying to ignore the “rapping” on his chamber door. By the end, it appears that he will live forever in the shadow of death and sorrow.

Structure and Form?

‘The Raven’?by Edgar Allan Poe(Bio | Poems) is a ballad made up of eighteen six-line stanzas. Throughout, the poet uses trochaic octameter, a very distinctive metrical form. He uses the first-person point of view throughout and a very consistent rhyme scheme of ABCBBB. There are a large number of words that use the same ending, for example, the “ore” in “Lenore” and “Nevermore.” Epistrophe is also present, or the repetition of the same word at the end of multiple lines.

Literary Devices

Poe makes use of several literary devices in?‘The Raven.’?These include but are not limited to repetition, alliteration, and caesura. The latter is a formal device, one that occurs when the poet inserts a pause, whether through meter or punctuation, into the middle of a line. For example, line three of the first stanza. It reads: “While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping.” There are numerous other examples, for instance, line three of the second stanza which reads: “Eagerly I wished the morrow;—vainly I had sought to borrow.”

Alliteration is one kind of repetition that’s used in?‘The Raven.’?It occurs when the poet repeats the same consonant sound at the beginning of multiple words. For example, “weak and weary” in the first line of the poem and “soul” and “stronger” in the first line of the fourth stanza.

Throughout, Poe uses repetition more broadly as well. For example, his use of parallelism in line structure and wording, as well as punctuation. He also maintains a very repetitive rhythm throughout the poem with his meter and rhyme scheme.

Detailed Analysis

First Stanza

????Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—??? While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.“’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door—????????????Only this and nothing more.”

The opening line of this poem proves to be quite theatrical, initiating with the classic “once upon a -” and introducing a typical melodramatic, “weak and weary” character who is evidently lost in thought during a particularly boring night. He claims to be thinking and “pondering” over volumes of old traditions of knowledge. As he nods off to sleep while reading, he is interrupted by a tapping sound. It sounds as if someone is “gently” knocking on his “chamber door.” He mutters to himself that it must be a visitor since what else could it possibly be?

The first stanza of Poe’s ‘The Raven‘ exposes a story that the reader knows will be full of drama. The imagery in just this stanza alone gives the reader a very good idea that the story about to unfold is not a happy one.

The scene opens on a “dreary” or boring midnight and a “weak and weary” character. The quiet midnight paints a picture of mystery and suspense for the reader, whilst an already tired out and exhausted character introduces a tired out and emotionally exhausting story – as we later learn that the character has suffered a great deal before this poem even begins. To further highlight the fatigued mood, he is even reading “forgotten lore,” which is basically old myths/folklore that were studied by scholars (so we assume the character is a scholar/student of sorts).

The words “forgotten” and ‘nothing more’ here sneak in the theme of loss that is prevalent in this poem. We are also introduced to our first symbol: the chamber door, which symbolizes insecurity. The chamber door functions as any door would, it opens the characters’ room/home to the outside world, and we will notice that it is also a representation of the insecurities and weaknesses of the character as he opens them up to the world outside of him. In this stanza, something is coming and “tapping” at his insecurities and weaknesses (the chamber door) due to him pondering and getting lost in thought.

Second Stanza

????Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December;And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.??? Eagerly I wished the morrow;—vainly I had sought to borrow??? From my books surcease of sorrow—sorrow for the lost Lenore—For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore—????????????Nameless?here?for evermore.

We are quickly jolted from the scene of the stranger knocking at the door into the thoughts of the speaker. Here, he pauses to educate the reader that this sight was taking place during the “bleak” December when “dying” embers from a fire were casting “ghost” like shadows on the floor. He was wishing for the night to pass faster, desperately trying to escape the sadness of losing Lenore by busying himself with his books. It becomes very obvious that Lenore was someone important to him, as he describes her as a “rare and radiant maiden,” and it also becomes evident that she had died since she was now “nameless forevermore” in the world.

The air of suspense continues to build as Poe shifts the narrative from the tapping on the door to the thoughts of the character. This could also portray that the character himself is avoiding answering the door. If we look at the door symbolizing his weaknesses and insecurities, we can easily understand why he would want to avoid opening up to whatever was tapping on it. The diction in this stanza (bleak, separate, dying, ghost, sought, sorrow, and lost) also emphasizes the theme of loss that unfolds in this poem. We can see that Poe is already hinting to the readers about the cause of the characters’ insecurities.

The second line in this stanza also foreshadows the end of the poem as it illustrates dying “embers” casting shadows on the floor; it portrays how trapped the character will be in the shadows of loss. What exactly has he lost? We find that the character is pining for Lenore, a woman who was very dear to him (a girlfriend or wife perhaps), whom he can no longer be with as she has died and is in the company of angels. She becomes “nameless” (again underlining the theme of loss) to him because she does not exist in his world anymore. For him, she is forever lost.

Third Stanza

????And the silken, sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtainThrilled me—filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before;??? So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating??? “’Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door—Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;—????????????This it is and nothing more.”

The movement of the curtains even seems “sad” and “uncertain” to him. Watching these curtains rustle and listening to the knocking was turning his miserable and quiet mood into one of anxiety and fear. To calm himself and his quickening heartbeat, he repeated to himself that it was just some visitor who had come to see him in these late hours and “nothing more.”

Poe has provided details of the room and its belongings throughout the poem that observably symbolize the feelings of the character. This stanza demonstrates a focus on the emotional state of the character. The purple curtains can easily represent his healing wounds (as purple is the color of a bruise that is in the beginning stages of recovery), and they are described as sad and uncertain. From this, we can note that the loss of Lenore has left him feeling exactly that: sad and uncertain. This bruise of his “thrilled” him because it opened the door to thoughts and feelings the character had never ventured before. As he thought about opening the door of insecurities to whatever was knocking at them, he became excited and terrified at the same time. To calm his fears, he repeats to himself that he’s sure nothing will come out of it.

Fourth Stanza

????Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer,“Sir,” said I, “or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore;??? But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping,??? And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door,That I scarce was sure I heard you”—here I opened wide the door;—????????????Darkness there and nothing more.

The character begins to build some confidence as he draws closer to the door to see who would come to see him at such an hour. He calls out saying sorry, ‘Sir’ or ‘Madame’, he had been napping, and the ‘tapping’ at the door was so light that he wasn’t even sure that there was actually someone knocking at the door at first. As he is saying this, he opens the door only to find nothing but the darkness of the night.

As he prepares himself to open the door of his insecurities and weaknesses to whatever awaits, he really has to push through his hesitation. He calls out, saying he wasn’t sure whether there was anything there, so he hadn’t bothered to open the door, and when he finally did, he found nothing.

The suspense is heightened after finding nothing but darkness. The reader understands that the character found nothing but darkness waiting for him through his insecurities and weaknesses, nothing but a black hole. This is not different from what anyone would find when they look internally and finally decide to open up and see through all the things that make them think less of themselves; they find a world of darkness (suffering and difficulty). It is not easy to look into yourself and your uncertainties to recognize your suffering and hardships. The character does not find it easy either.

Fifth Stanza

????Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing,Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before;??? But the silence was unbroken, and the stillness gave no token,??? And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, “Lenore?”This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, “Lenore!”—????????????Merely this and nothing more.

Finding nothing on the other side of the door leaves him stunned. He stands there staring into the darkness with his mind racing. How could he have heard the clear, continuous knocking at the door only to find nothing…physical? Now, because he had been pining for Lenore, she quickly comes to mind. He whispers her name into the empty night, ‘Lenore?’ and an echo whispers back, ‘Lenore!’.

Poe emphasizes how stunned the character is at looking into the hardships and suffering of his life (the darkness) through the wide-opened door of his insecurity (the chamber door) by stating that he began to doubt himself and his expectations of what he would find. He expected to find a visitor ( sympathy) but instead found empty darkness ( suffering). The character finally makes a bold move; he utters from his mouth what facing the suffering forced him to think of: Lenore. To his surprise, from his suffering came back a voice saying Lenore and nothing more. This exposes that the sole core of his suffering was truly Lenore, and he had to open that door of his self-doubt and weakness to figure it out.

Sixth Stanza

????Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning,Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before.??? “Surely,” said I, “surely that is something at my window lattice;??????Let me see, then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore—Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore;—????????????’Tis the wind and nothing more!”

The narrator finally turns away from the empty doorway, full of fire; he had just heard her name whispered back to him. Was he insane? Was any of this real? ‘Soon again’, he hears tapping; this time louder than before and it gives the impression that it was coming from the window this time. Again, his heart starts to beat faster as he moves towards the window, wanting to “explore” this mystery. He tells himself that it must be the wind and ‘nothing more.’

The character finally snaps out of his shock and closes the door. He realizes his fears to be true. The one thing that he has no control over is truly the only thing causing him weakness: the loss of Lenore. Then he hears a tapping by the window, and this window represents realization for our character. He has now realized his fear through his weaknesses and suffering that he will forever have to live with the fact that he has lost Lenore. He is hesitant to embrace the realization (he hesitates to open the window), but he now wants to explore this newfound awareness.

Seventh Stanza

????Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter,In there stepped a stately Raven of the saintly days of yore;??? Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he;??? But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door—Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door—????????????Perched, and sat, and nothing more.

He makes an effort to fling open the window, and with a little commotion, in comes a raven. The narrator describes the raven as one who looked rather royal and like it belonged in the righteous or impressive times of the past. The raven does not even acknowledge the speaker, and he simply flies in with the airs of an aristocrat and rests on the statue above the chamber door of “Pallas” (also known as Athena the goddess of wisdom). Then, it just sits there doing “nothing more”.

When the character embraces the realization of the cause of his insecurity (opens the window), The raven comes flying in. The raven is the most important symbol in this poem, which explains the title. This raven is signifying the loss that the character has suffered. Through the window of realization, his loss comes flying in to face him. The raven is described to be grand in its demeanor, much like the loss of Lenore, which intimidates him. He is quite fascinated by it and glorifies it. The interesting thing to note here is that the raven takes a seat on the statue of Pallas (Athena, goddess of wisdom), which discloses to the reader that this feeling of loss and grief that the character is feeling is literally sitting on his wisdom. It has overpowered his rational thought.

Eighth Stanza

Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,“Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou,” I said, “art sure no craven,Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightly shore—Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night’s Plutonian shore!”????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

The entrance of this raven actually puts a smile on the face of the narrator. The bird was so out of place in his chamber, but it still “wore” a serious expression as it sat there. The speaker then turns to treat the raven as a noble individual and asks him what his name is in a very dramatic manner. The raven simply replies with ‘nevermore’.

When given the chance to face his loss and grief so directly, it seems amusing to the character. So he speaks to the bird. He asks its (the bird/his grief) name, as it looked so grand and uncowardly even though it came from the world of suffering (the dark night). The raven spoke and said “nevermore”. His feelings of grief and loss (the raven) are reminding him of his greatest pain: nevermore. The raven speaks to him clearly and relays to him that what he had the deepest desire for in this life of his is now strictly nevermore.

Ninth Stanza

????Much I marvelled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly,Though its answer little meaning—little relevancy bore;??? For we cannot help agreeing that no living human being??? Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his chamber door—Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above his chamber door,????????????With such name as “Nevermore.”

The narrator is very shocked at actually hearing the raven speak as if it were a natural thing for him. He doesn’t understand how “nevermore” answers the question. So he claims that no one, alive or dead, has ever witnessed the scene that was before him: a raven sitting on a statue of Pallas named “nevermore”.

Here, Poe uncovers for his readers that the character was shocked at the scene of facing his loss and grief only to have it so blatantly speak to him. Call to him the reason for his insecurity and weakness: the finality of “nevermore.” The character claims in this stanza that no one has ever before been able to have the experience of meeting loss and grief in physical form. He was “blessed” with this opportunity to see his feelings and put a name on it: nevermore. That is the core of his grief and loss, the finality of never living with Lenore again.

Tenth Stanza

????But the Raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke onlyThat one word, as if his soul in that one word he did outpour.??? Nothing farther then he uttered—not a feather then he fluttered—??? Till I scarcely more than muttered “Other friends have flown before—On the morrow?he?will leave me, as my Hopes have flown before.”????????????Then the bird said “Nevermore.”

After speaking that one word, the raven did not utter another word. He sat there on the statue, very still and quiet. The narrator returns to his grim mood and mutters about having friends who have left him feeling abandoned, just like this bird will likely do. On hearing this, the bird again says:

Nevermore.

The character accepts the existence of this raven in his life and says he expects it to leave as others usually do. This signifies the reality of his emotions that he feels just like all other feelings come and go, and so will this feeling of intense grief and loss (the raven). The raven speaks out and states: Nevermore. He is highlighting and foreshadowing that it will not leave – it is going to stay with the character forever.

Eleventh Stanza

??? Startled at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken,“Doubtless,” said I, “what it utters is its only stock and store??? Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful Disaster??? Followed fast and followed faster till his songs one burden bore—Till the dirges of his Hope that melancholy burden bore????????????Of ‘Never—nevermore’.”

The sudden reply from the raven startles the narrator. He comes to the conclusion that the raven only knows this one word that it has learned from “some unhappy master.” He imagines that the master of this raven must have been through a lot of hardships so he probably always used the word “nevermore” a great deal, and that is where he believes the bird picked it up.

This stanza is quite interesting as it explores the efforts of the character in trying to ignore the finality of this feeling of grief and loss. He tries to brush it off by hoping that perhaps the previous owner of such feelings was a person who emphasized the finality of such feelings, so that is why his grief is responding in such a manner. The thought of having to live with such feelings forever scares the character into denial.

Twelfth Stanza

??? But the Raven still beguiling all my fancy into smiling,Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, and bust and door;??? Then, upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking??? Fancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird of yore—What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore????????????Meant in croaking “Nevermore.”

The speaker admits that he cannot help but be fascinated by this raven. He basically sets up his chair so that he is seated right in front of the bird, watching it intently. He starts to focus his thoughts on the raven and what it could possibly mean by repeating the specific word “nevermore.”

Here, the character is clearly getting irritated by the constant presence of such strong feelings. He knows he cannot turn back now. The character is the one who opened the door of his insecurities and weaknesses into his suffering and then opened the window of realization to allow this intense feeling of loss and grief to enter and literally perch on his rational thinking/wisdom. What he is finding hard to swallow is the concept of “nevermore” – why can’t these feelings be temporary or a phase? Must they eat at him forever?

Thirteenth Stanza

??? This I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressingTo the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom’s core;??? This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease reclining??? On the cushion’s velvet lining that the lamp-light gloated o’er,But whose velvet-violet lining with the lamp-light gloating o’er,????????????She?shall press, ah, nevermore!

He sits there coming up with theories to explain the raven and its behavior to himself without actually speaking aloud in the company of this bird. Even so, he felt as though its “fiery eyes” could see through him, straight to his heart. So he continues to ponder and be lost in thought as he reclines on a soft velvet cushion that the lamplight was highlighting in the room. The sight of the cushion gleaming in the lamplight sends him spiraling into the heart-wrenching reminder that Lenore will never get a chance to touch that cushion again now that she’s gone.

Poe underlines the fact that the character has so much more feeling than what he tackles when he confronts his grief. As he contemplates over the concreteness of the words “nevermore,” he relapses into memories of Lenore. The cushion symbolizes his connection to his physical life. As he battles with his emotions, the cushion reminds him that his beloved Lenore will never share his physical space and life again. She will never, again, physically be in his company.

Fourteenth Stanza

??? Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from an unseen censerSwung by Seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor.??? “Wretch,” I cried, “thy God hath lent thee—by these angels he hath sent thee??? Respite—respite and nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore;Quaff, oh quaff this kind nepenthe and forget this lost Lenore!”????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

Here, the narrator seems to start hallucinating, and perhaps he is lost too deep in his thoughts. He starts to feel as though the air around him is getting thicker with perfume or a scent. He thinks he is seeing angels there who are bringing this perfume /scent to him. He calls himself a wretch because he feels this is God sending him a message to forget Lenore, comparing the scent to “nepenthe,” which is an illusory medicine for sorrow from ancient Greek mythology. He basically yells at himself to drink this medicine and forget the sadness he feels for the loss of Lenore. Almost as if on cue, the raven says: Nevermore.

When he comes to the actual realization that he has lost her physical body forever, he begins to panic. He can literally smell the sweetness of freedom from these feelings that he felt God was allowing him. He thought that it was a divine message to forget Lenore, and he wants to accept; he wants out and away from his mess of feelings, especially from the certainty the grief keeps claiming that it will last forever. He tries to force himself to let it go, but then the raven speaks. His grief overpowers him, and he still claims that he will never forget her.

Fifteenth Stanza

??? “Prophet!” said I, “thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!—Whether Tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore,??? Desolate yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted—??? On this home by Horror haunted—tell me truly, I implore—Is there—is?there balm in Gilead?—tell me—tell me, I implore!”????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

Now things get pretty heated as he starts to scream at the bird, calling it a prophet and a thing of evil. He doesn’t know what to think of the bird. Did Satan (the tempter) send this bird his way, or did a storm push this bird his way? He continues and describes that even through his shouting, the raven is unmoved/unbothered even though it is alone in his company. He calls his home a desert land, haunted and full of horror and asks the raven if there is possible hope of any good or peace in the future, and of course, the raven says: nevermore.

Things get more serious in this stanza as the character loses his cool and starts to scream at his emotions. He calls them a prophet because they are basically prophesizing his unhappy life and a thing of evil because of the pain they are causing him. He doesn’t understand where such permanence has come from in his grief and loss. Shouldn’t they be a feeling of phase and pass after some time? Why is his feeling here to stay forever? He asks in his panic whether there is anything good waiting for him in life. Will the intensity of such feelings pass? It seems his feelings of grief and loss are set in stone because it just replies with a “nevermore”.

Sixteenth Stanza

??? “Prophet!” said I, “thing of evil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!By that Heaven that bends above us—by that God we both adore—??? Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn,??? It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels name Lenore—Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore.”????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

He continues to call the raven a prophet and a thing of evil as he dramatically keeps accepting the word of the raven as the answer to his questions. He then asks for the raven to tell him if he will ever get to hold Lenore again, and predictably, the raven says: nevermore.

The character is spiraling into more chaos as he realizes he is stuck in this pain, and no relief is coming his way. In desperation, he asks whether he will ever hold and embrace his beloved Lenore ever again. The raven crushes him further by saying no. His feeling of loss intensifies as his grief reaffirms for him that the life he had wanted can never ever be his to have and cherish.

Seventeenth Stanza

??? “Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!” I shrieked, upstarting—“Get thee back into the tempest and the Night’s Plutonian shore!??? Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!??? Leave my loneliness unbroken!—quit the bust above my door!Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door!”????????????Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”

The raven’s answers throw the narrator into a fit as he is consumed by sorrow. He screams at the raven to leave and go back to the storm it came from and not even leave a trace of it being present in his chamber. He wants to live in his loneliness without accepting the reality of it. He does not want anything to do with the answers that the bird has given him. He continues to yell at the bird to leave and the raven simply replies with: nevermore (implying that it will not go).

At this point in the story, the character is being consumed by his own emotions and the mental game that he’s playing. He screams and cries for his loneliness to stay unbroken because he realizes that he is no longer alone; these emotions and feelings he has unearthed will continue to haunt him and live with him forever. He yells at these feelings to get away from his wisdom and rational thinking. He pleads for this feeling of intense grief and loss to take the sharp pain away that he is feeling, and, of course, as the reader knows for certain by now, the answer is “Nevermore.”

Eighteenth Stanza

??? And the Raven, never flitting, still is sitting,?still?is sittingOn the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;??? And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon’s that is dreaming,??? And the lamp-light o’er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor;And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor????????????Shall be lifted—nevermore!

The speaker ends his story by saying that the raven is still there, sitting on the statue of Pallas, almost demon-like in the way its eyes gleam. The lamplight hits the raven, casting a shadow on the floor. That shadow has trapped his soul within it, and he will never be freed from it.

Edgar Allan Poe(Bio | Poems) ends his narrative with a quiet and still character. Quite a change from the last stanzas; it is almost as if he has come to terms with the reality of the situation. It is as if we are now watching the character from the outside of his head whilst all the commotion is taking place internally. However, the character lets the reader know that all is not well. The raven still sits on the statue of Pallas, and it looks demon-like whilst casting a shadow that traps him forever.

That is significant because it gives the reader closure. It tells the reader that even though the character welcomed the feelings of loss and grief when he opened the window of realization, he despises them now. These emotions appear to him as demonic. The shadow they cast over him, meaning the mood that is created from these feelings, has a permanent hold on his soul. He has been defeated by his feelings after facing them, and he will find peace: nevermore.

Similar Poetry

Readers who enjoyed ‘The Raven’?should also consider reading some of Poe’s other best-known poems. For example:

‘A Dream within a Dream,‘ – published in 1849, this poem examines time and our perceptions of it.

‘Alone’ – a haunting poem that touches on many of Poe’s favorite themes. It was inspired by the death of Poe’s foster mother.

‘Anabel Lee‘?– a beautiful short piece in which Poe’s speaker describes the death of a young woman, taken into the afterlife by jealous angels.

Poetry+ Review Corner

The Raven

Explore an expert's insights on this poem. Join Poetry+ to instantly unlock fully understanding the poem.

Poet:

Edgar Allan Poe (poems)

Period: 19th Century97Nationality: American98Themes: Death93Journey55Spirituality42Emotions: Dishonesty62Fear50Grief56Topics: Animals46Birds92Darkness50Death of a Loved One60Loss62Ravens84Form: Narrative88Genre: Gothic91

Edgar Allan Poe

This celebrated work stands as one of Poe's most famous and influential poems, marked by its dark, melancholy themes and a supernatural, dream-like quality. Poe's mastery in the use of imagery and his exploration of the macabre and supernatural are vividly showcased through the recurring motifs of loss, death, fear, and the eerie presence of a talking raven that echoes the word "Nevermore" throughout the poem. This poem has cemented his place as one of America's most influential poets.

19th Century

97 This poem is a prime example of 19th-century American poetry, characterized by its romanticism and introspective nature. Poe's exploration of the human experience, particularly the experience of loss and grief, reflects the romantic tradition of exploring the mysteries of existence and the complexities of human emotion. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ American

98 This is a prime example of American poetry, reflecting the unique perspective of American writers during the 19th century. Poe's unique style and themes challenged traditional views of poetry, influencing the development of modernist poetry in the early 20th century. His exploration of the macabre and supernatural, as well as his introspective and romantic themes, has cemented his place as one of America's most influential poets. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Death

93 This poem is a fairly long, supernatural, dream-like poem. There is loss, death, fear and, and above all else, the haunting presence of the talking raven. The creature cries throughout the text, a single word: “Nevermore.” If you are looking for the perfect poem to set the scene for Halloween, to start off a dark night in delving into the scariest examples of writing in the English language, this is a great place to start. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Journey

55 The journey towards death is a recurring theme in 'The Raven,' as the speaker reflects on the loss of his beloved Lenore and the inevitability of death. Poe's exploration of the journey toward death invites readers to reflect on their own mortality and the meaning of life in the face of death. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Spirituality

42 Spirituality is an underlying theme in this poem as Poe explores the relationship between the physical world and the spiritual realm. The poem's contemplation of the afterlife reflects Poe's interest in the mysteries of existence and the role of spirituality in the human experience. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Dishonesty

62 The speaker in the poem is trapped in psychological turmoil due to his own self-deception. He cannot accept the truth of his beloved's death and continues seeking comfort in his delusions concerning the raven, even after knowing it is merely a bird. The speaker evokes readers' emotions toward dishonesty while reflecting on the challenge of coming to terms with harsh truth and the pathetic times when humans resort to even self-deception. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Fear

50 Fear is a prominent emotion in this poem as the speaker grapples with the fear of the unknown and the fear of the afterlife. Poe's use of haunting imagery and supernatural elements contributes to the poem's dark and eerie atmosphere, inviting readers to confront their own fears and anxieties. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Grief

56 The emotion of grief is central to Poe's poem as the speaker mourns the loss of his beloved Lenore. Poe's exploration of the human experience of grief and loss is powerful and evocative, inviting readers to reflect on their own experiences of loss and the complexities of human emotion. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Animals

46 The raven is a prominent image in this poem, representing the supernatural and mysterious forces that haunt the speaker. Poe's use of animal imagery contributes to the poem's gothic and macabre quality, creating a powerful and unforgettable reading experience. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Birds

92 ‘The Raven’ is a supernatural, dream-like poem that makes use of his most frequently visited themes. There is loss, death, fear, and, and above all else, the haunting presence of the talking raven. The creature cries throughout the text, a single word: “Nevermore.” To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Darkness

50 Darkness is an important image in this poem, contributing to the poem's haunting and eerie atmosphere. Poe's use of darkness as a metaphorical image reflects the human experience of grappling with the unknown and the fear of the afterlife. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Death of a Loved One

60 The death of the speaker's beloved Lenore is the central event in 'The Raven,' exploring the human experience of loss and grief. Poe's evocative and powerful portrayal of the speaker's mourning process invites readers to reflect on their own experiences of loss and the complexities of human emotion. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Loss

62 The theme of loss is central to this poem as the speaker grapples with the loss of his beloved Lenore. Poe's exploration of the human experience of loss and grief is powerful and evocative, inviting readers to reflect on their own experiences of loss and the complexities of human emotion. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Ravens

84 Raven is the central symbol representing the speaker's troubled state, the nature of memories, and the relentless struggle they cause. The speaker paradoxically cherishes the memories of his dead lover yet desires to move on, dealing with the psychological battle between forgetting and remembering while seeking comfort in delusions like the raven. Notably, Poe was influenced by the presence of ravens in folktales and mythology. For instance, the German pagan God Odin had two ravens representing thought and memory. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Narrative

88 This poem is a great example of a narrative poem, as it tells a story through the use of verse. The poem follows the speaker's descent into madness after the death of his beloved Lenore. The titular bird serves as a mysterious and foreboding presence, leading the speaker to confront his own mortality and the grief he feels over his loss. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+ Gothic

91 This poem is a quintessential example of gothic literature, characterized by its dark and macabre themes and imagery. Poe's use of haunting imagery and supernatural elements contributes to the poem's gothic quality, creating a powerful and unforgettable reading experience. To unlock content, login or join Poetry+

Comment

Poetry+ PDF Guide

Cite

Comment

Cite

Poetry+ PDF Guide

ShareCopyXFacebookPinterestWhatsApp

Home ? Edgar Allan Poe ? The Raven

About Noor Rehman

Noor has an Honours in the Bachelor of Arts with a double major in English Literature and History. She teaches elementary and high school English, and loves to help students develop a love for in depth analysis, and writing in general. Because of her interest in History, she also really enjoys reading historical fiction (but nothing beats reading and rereading Harry Potter!). Reading and writing short stories and poetry has been a passion of hers, that she proudly carries from childhood.

Join the Poetry Chatter and Comment

Exclusive to Poetry+ Members

Join Conversations

Share your thoughts and be part of engaging discussions.

Expert Replies

Get personalized insights from our Qualified Poetry Experts.

Connect with Poetry Lovers

Build connections with like-minded individuals.

Notify of

new replies to my comments

I allow to use my email address and send notification about new comments and replies (you can unsubscribe at any time).

Please login to comment

18 Comments

Inline Feedbacks

View all comments

Cynthia

sorry, though your comments is wonderful. I still have some questions about The Raven represents . the death or the sadness? I want to finish my homework well. but it is difficult for me to analysis.

Editor

Lee-James Bovey

Reply to?

Cynthia

I think both. Remember, words and symbols can have multiple connotations.

? Previous

Access the Complete PDF Guide of this Poem

Edgar Allan Poe

The Raven

Poetry+ PDF Guides are designed to be the ultimate PDF Guides for poetry. The PDF Guide consists of a front cover, table of contents, with the full analysis, including the Poetry+ Review Corner and numerically referenced literary terms, plus much more.

Central Message: Grief and loss can lead to a descent into madness and obsession.

Speaker: A man grieving the loss of Lenore.

Get the PDF Guide

Experts in Poetry

Our work is created by a team of talented poetry experts, to provide an in-depth look into poetry, like no other.

About Poem Analysis

Discover the?

Secrets to Poetry

Learn from the experts?

Discover the best-kept secrets

behind the greatest poetry

Discover the Secrets

Cite This Page

Choose citation style:

MLA

Chicago

APA

MHRA

Rehman, Noor. "The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe". Poem Analysis, https://poemanalysis.com/edgar-allan-poe/the-raven/. Accessed 7 March 2024.

Copy to Clipboard

General

About

Contact

Help Center

Request an Analysis

Charity

Poetry+

(not a member? Join now)

Dashboard

Poem PDF Guides

PDF Learning Library

Poetry+ Newsletter

Discover

Poetry Archives

Poetry Explained

Poet Biographies

Best Poems

Best Poets

Useful Links

Poets A-z

Poem Explorer

Poem Generator

Glossary

Education

[email?protected]

Poem Solutions Limited, International House, 36-38 Cornhill, London, EC3V 3NG, United Kingdom

Poem Analysis Copyright ? 2024. Careers. Poet Collaborations. Site Policies. Privacy Policy. T&Cs.

Join Poetry+

Poets

Poet A-Z

Poet Biographies

Explore the Best Poets

Glossary of Literary Terms

Explore Poetry

AI Poem Generator

Poem PDF Guides

PDF Learning Library

Explore Home

Explore the Best Poems

Education

Poem Explorer

Poetry Explained

Poetry Archives

Poetry Videos

Support

About

Contact

Request a Poetry Analysis

Charity

Insert

Get this Poem Analysis as an Offline Resource

Poetry+ PDF Guides are designed to be the ultimate PDF Guides for poetry. The PDF Guide contains everything to understand poetry.

PDF

The Raven

Discover and learn about the greatest poetry, straight to your inbox

Unlock the Secrets to Poetry

I'm interested!

Share to...EmailFacebookMessengerPinterestXWhatsAppLinkedIn

Raven 《烏鴉》 Allan Poe 愛倫坡經(jīng)典詩英文詩聲音免費(fèi)在線播放-喜馬拉雅

n 《烏鴉》 Allan Poe 愛倫坡經(jīng)典詩英文詩聲音免費(fèi)在線播放-喜馬拉雅喜馬拉雅發(fā)現(xiàn)分類電臺上傳創(chuàng)作中心有聲出版客戶端首頁>外語^音樂有聲書娛樂外語兒童商業(yè)財(cái)經(jīng)歷史相聲評書個人成長廣播劇有聲圖書人文國學(xué)熱點(diǎn)生活新紅色頻道懸疑健康汽車>每日英語十分鐘>Raven 《烏鴉》 Allan Poe 愛倫坡經(jīng)典詩英文詩>Raven 《烏鴉》 Allan Poe 愛倫坡經(jīng)典詩英文詩2019-12-02 16:37:02 2237喜歡下載分享聲音簡介大家好，我是Lexie老師。今天為大家?guī)淼脑娛敲绹娙薊dgar AllanPoe的作品，名叫The Raven《烏鴉》。Allan Poe是哥特式文學(xué)的先驅(qū)和代表人物，他的這首詩《烏鴉》既詮釋了死亡和哥特式元素，也展現(xiàn)了一種哀傷的美麗。詩中年輕的男子失去了最愛的女人，他企圖沉浸于讀書中，從而忘卻痛苦。然而午夜時分，象征著死亡的烏鴉卻飛入了這間男子常與已故情人雷諾相會的小屋。男子問烏鴉的名字，烏鴉回答‘Nevermore’ 中文意為‘永不復(fù)焉’，這是一個具有象征意義的名字，當(dāng)男子詢問烏鴉是否他對雷諾的思念可以消散、是否他們會在天堂相遇、以及請求烏鴉離開小屋時，烏鴉都回答道：‘永不復(fù)焉’。這個回答讓男子陷入了無盡的痛苦深淵。這首詩選用午夜這個時間，并營造了一種恐怖和神秘的氛圍，屋子的陰郁加上烏鴉的決絕回答，讓人不得不同情這位悲傷的男子。好了，我們來一起欣賞一下這首經(jīng)典哥特式詩歌吧。TheRaven-- Allan Poe烏鴉埃德加·愛倫·坡著Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak andweary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—??? While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenlythere came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.“’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamberdoor—????????????Onlythis and nothing more.”??? Ah, distinctly I remember it was in thebleak December;And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon thefloor.??? Eagerly I wished the morrow;—vainly I hadsought to borrow??? From my books surcease of sorrow—sorrowfor the lost Lenore—For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named Lenore—????????????Nameless?here?for evermore.??? And the silken, sad, uncertain rustlingof each purple curtainThrilled me—filled me with fantastic terrors never feltbefore;??? So that now, to still the beating of myheart, I stood repeating??? “’Tis some visitor entreating entrance atmy chamber door—Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;—????????????Thisit is and nothing more.”??? Presently my soul grew stronger;hesitating then no longer,“Sir,” said I, “or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore;??? But the fact is I was napping, and sogently you came rapping,??? And so faintly you came tapping, tappingat my chamber door,That I scarce was sure I heard you”—here I opened wide thedoor;—????????????Darknessthere and nothing more.??? Deep into that darkness peering, long Istood there wondering, fearing,Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dreambefore;??? But the silence was unbroken, and the darknessgave no token,??? And the only word there spoken was thewhispered word, “Lenore?”This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word,“Lenore!”—????????????Merelythis and nothing more.??? Back into the chamber turning, all mysoul within me burning,Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before.??? “Surely,” said I, “surely that issomething at my window lattice;??????Let me see, then, whatthereat is, and this mystery explore—Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore;—????????????’Tisthe wind and nothing more!”??? Open here I flung the shutter, when, withmany a flirt and flutter,In there stepped a stately Raven of the saintly days ofyore;??? Not the least obeisance made he; not aminute stopped or stayed he;??? But, with mien of lord or lady, perched abovemy chamber door—Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door—????????????Perched,and sat, and nothing more.Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,“Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou,” I said, “artsure no craven,Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightlyshore—Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night’s Plutonianshore!”????????????Quoththe Raven “Nevermore.”??? Much I marvelled this ungainly fowl tohear discourse so plainly,Though its answer little meaning—little relevancy bore;??? For we cannot help agreeing that noliving human being??? Ever yet was blessed with seeing birdabove his chamber door—Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above his chamberdoor,????????????Withsuch name as “Nevermore.”??? But the Raven, sitting lonely on theplacid bust, spoke onlyThat one word, as if his soul in that one word he didoutpour.??? Nothing farther then he uttered—not afeather then he fluttered—??? Till I scarcely more than muttered “Otherfriends have flown before—On the morrow?he?will leaveme, as my Hopes have flown before.”????????????Thenthe bird said “Nevermore.”??? Startled at the stillness broken by replyso aptly spoken,“Doubtless,” said I, “what it utters is its only stock andstore??? Caught from some unhappy master whomunmerciful Disaster??? Followed fast and followed faster tillhis songs one burden bore—Till the dirges of his Hope that melancholy burden bore????????????Of‘Never—nevermore’.”??? But the Raven still beguiling all my sadsoul into smiling,Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird, andbust and door;??? Then, upon the velvet sinking, I betookmyself to linking??? Fancy unto fancy, thinking what thisominous bird of yore—What this grim, ungainly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore????????????Meantin croaking “Nevermore.”??? This I sat engaged in guessing, but nosyllable expressingTo the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom’score;??? This and more I sat divining, with myhead at ease reclining??? On the cushion’s velvet lining that thelamp-light gloated o’er,But whose velvet-violet lining with the lamp-light gloatingo’er,????????????She?shall press, ah, nevermore! ?????? Then, methought, the air grew denser,perfumed from an unseen censerSwung by Seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled on the tuftedfloor.??? “Wretch,” I cried, “thy God hath lentthee—by these angels he hath sent thee??? Respite—respite and nepenthe from thymemories of Lenore;Quaff, oh quaff this kind nepenthe and forget this lostLenore!”????????????Quoththe Raven “Nevermore.”??? “Prophet!” said I, “thing ofevil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!—Whether Tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee hereashore,??? Desolate yet all undaunted, on thisdesert land enchanted—??? On this home by Horror haunted—tell metruly, I implore—Is there—is?there balmin Gilead?—tell me—tell me, I implore!”????????????Quoththe Raven “Nevermore.”??? “Prophet!” said I, “thing ofevil!—prophet still, if bird or devil!By that Heaven that bends above us—by that God we bothadore—??? Tell this soul with sorrow laden if,within the distant Aidenn,??? It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom theangels named Lenore—Clasp a rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named ?Lenore.”????????????Quoththe Raven “Nevermore.”??? “Be that word our sign of parting, birdor fiend!” I shrieked, upstarting—“Get thee back into the tempest and the Night’s Plutonianshore!??? Leave no black plume as a token of thatlie thy soul hath spoken!??? Leave my loneliness unbroken!—quit thebust above my door!Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from offmy door!”????????????Quoththe Raven “Nevermore.”??? And the Raven, never flitting, still issitting,?still?is sittingOn the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;??? And his eyes have all the seeming of ademon’s that is dreaming,??? And the lamp-light o’er him streamingthrows his shadow on the floor;And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on thefloor????????????Shallbe lifted—nevermore!英文詩有其獨(dú)特的魅力，我們會朗誦一些經(jīng)典詩并附上適當(dāng)?shù)慕忉專瑤椭蠹依斫?。大家如果有問題可以聯(lián)系我們，我們很希望能夠通過詩歌交到更多朋友。Shawn （肖恩老師）熱愛跟孩子們一起排戲劇、帶孩子們快樂學(xué)習(xí)的嚴(yán)肅教育工作者； Lexie （萊克西老師）以語言教學(xué)為畢生事業(yè)、業(yè)余開手工工作室的語言文學(xué)老師。掃碼關(guān)注我們的公眾號，閱讀有趣的文章、感受不同的思想碰撞！上一個：【兒童文學(xué)】The Donkey in the Lion's Skin 披著獅子皮的小驢 - PM Plus 難度12級下一個： Sonnet 116-William Shakespeare 莎士比亞經(jīng)典十四行詩用戶評論表情0/300發(fā)表評論樓臺_lt背景音有些大了，不過很不錯加油！2022-06舉報(bào)回復(fù)1猜你喜歡472Kelela – Raven01.WashedAway(03:36)02.HappyEnding(04:08)03.LetItGo(04:22)04.OntheRun(...by：陽徹1.1萬Raven's Gate 渡鴉之門ThePowerofFive:BookOne——Raven'sGate，守門少年五部曲——渡鴉之門，作者為系列間諜小說家安東尼·赫洛維茲（Anthon...by：Wendy的音頻3007烏鴉已完結(jié)by：讀遍萬水千山2182原著深閱系列 “The Raven”TheRaven-EdgarAllanPoe愛倫坡恐怖集之一《烏鴉》...by：LolaYao1.3萬白烏鴉《白烏鴉》中，國企煤氣廠自從改制賣給民營企業(yè)以后，出身卑微的鄉(xiāng)下男人孫德財(cái)一變而為公司董事長，而曾經(jīng)大權(quán)在握的黨委書記杜惠如卻成了橡皮圖章。杜惠如為了扭轉(zhuǎn)被動局...by：FM楚陽4391烏鴉邪島烏鴉邪島。一部良心作品，震撼來襲。真正的經(jīng)典中的經(jīng)典。歡迎踴躍點(diǎn)評評論，多多點(diǎn)贊啊。感謝您的支持和厚愛。一部良心作品，震撼來襲。真正的經(jīng)典中的經(jīng)典。歡迎踴躍點(diǎn)評...by：寶寶之書2.5萬烏鴉之鳴你將是誰，我不能給你一個答案，我只能說這里還有很多和你一樣暗夜里孤獨(dú)的靈魂。第四首單曲《烏鴉之鳴》講述了正在北上廣拼搏的人們，他們每一個人內(nèi)心潛藏著一個夢。然后...by：華語音樂3193白雪烏鴉by：HOYE3898烏鴉理查沒人會想到，男孩理查有一天竟然變成了一只烏鴉。當(dāng)然，最最想不到的，還是他自己。另外，強(qiáng)烈推薦火鞋與風(fēng)鞋，鐵頭飛俠傳以及不不園，笑小花講笑話等等等等。by：愛嘮叨的怪老頭兒399牛媽和烏鴉《牛媽和烏鴉》這套繪本講述的是一頭有點(diǎn)不同尋常的牛和一只特立獨(dú)行的烏鴉之間發(fā)生在平常生活中的精彩故事。牛媽和烏鴉這對奇特的好朋友如影隨形地在一起，心思簡單的牛媽...by：爾星吾月聲音主播肖恩與萊克西482225簡介：Shawn （肖恩老師）熱愛跟孩子們一起排戲劇、帶孩子們快樂學(xué)習(xí)的嚴(yán)肅教育工作者；Lexie （萊克西老師）以語言教學(xué)為畢生事業(yè)、業(yè)余開手工工作室的語言文學(xué)老師所屬專輯每日英語十分鐘3萬相關(guān)推薦換一批米小圈上學(xué)記:一二三年級 | 暢銷出版物米小圈大奉打更人丨頭陀淵領(lǐng)銜多人有聲劇|暢聽全集|王鶴棣、田曦薇主演影視劇原著|賣報(bào)小郎君頭陀淵講故事白眉大俠 | 單田芳（400回完）單田芳評書重生八零，媳婦有點(diǎn)辣 | 免費(fèi)多人有聲劇君顏講故事遮天|辰東作品，頭陀淵&小桃紅精品雙播|熱播動畫原著頭陀淵講故事靈境行者丨賣報(bào)小郎君口碑新作丨紫襟領(lǐng)銜多人有聲劇有聲的紫襟凡人修仙傳|忘語著|經(jīng)典仙俠有聲劇|光合積木|姜廣濤光合積木無敵劍域丨玄幻熱血爽文丨一劍獨(dú)尊、我有一劍前傳丨紫襟領(lǐng)銜多人有聲劇有聲的紫襟神探邁克狐· 千面怪盜|偵探大賽|灰狼危機(jī)|多多羅多多羅故事夜的命名術(shù)丨年度都市異能霸榜神作丨紫襟領(lǐng)銜有聲劇有聲的紫襟下載客戶端iPhoneAndroid開放平臺對接海量精彩內(nèi)容云剪輯在線音頻剪輯神器主播培訓(xùn)兼職副業(yè)，興趣賺錢小雅智能智能硬件，連接賦能車聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺自在出行，聽我想聽企業(yè)版員工學(xué)習(xí)，企業(yè)買單手機(jī)端電腦端關(guān)于我們聯(lián)系我們公司新聞?wù)匈t納士用戶反饋服務(wù)協(xié)議隱私政策版權(quán)聲明自律承諾聲音Copyright ? 2012-2024 www.ximalaya.com lnc. ALL Rights Reserved??滬ICP備13027243號??客服熱線：400-838-5

The Raven Summary & Analysis | LitCharts

The Raven

Introduction + Context

Plot Summary

Detailed Summary & Analysis

Themes

All Themes

Death and the Afterlife

Memory and Loss

The Supernatural and the Subconscious

Rationality and Irrationality

Ancient Influences

Quotes

Characters

All Characters

The narrator

Lenore

The Raven

Symbols

All Symbols

Pallas

The Raven

“Night’s Plutonian shore”

Literary Devices

All Literary Devices

Allegory

Alliteration

Allusions

Anthropomorphism

Genre

Imagery

Metaphors

Mood

Setting

Style

Tone

Unreliable Narrator

Quiz

Upgrade to LitCharts A+

Instant downloads of all 1878 LitChart PDFs

(including The Raven).

LitCharts Teacher Editions. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does.

Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts.

The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of every Shakespeare play.

Already have an account?

From the creators of SparkNotes, something better.

Literature

Guides

Poetry

Guides

Literary

Terms

Shakespeare

Translations

Citation

Generator

Sign InSign up for A+Sign up

Literature

Poetry

Lit Terms

Shakescleare

The Raven

Edgar Allan Poe

Upgrade to A+

Download this LitChart! (PDF)

Teachers and parents!

Our Teacher Edition on The Raven makes teaching easy.

Introduction

Intro

Plot Summary

Plot

Summary & Analysis

Themes

All Themes

Death and the Afterlife

Memory and Loss

The Supernatural and the Subconscious

Rationality and Irrationality

Ancient Influences

Quotes

Characters

All Characters

The narrator

Lenore

The Raven

Symbols

All Symbols

Pallas

The Raven

“Night’s Plutonian shore”

Lit Devices

All Literary Devices

Allegory

Alliteration

Allusions

Anthropomorphism

Genre

Imagery

Metaphors

Mood

Setting

Style

Tone

Unreliable Narrator

Quiz

Theme Wheel

Theme Viz

Teachers and parents!

Our Teacher Edition on The Raven makes teaching easy.

Everything you needfor every book you read.

"Sooo much more helpful than?SparkNotes. The way the content is organizedand presented is seamlessly smooth, innovative, and comprehensive."

Get LitCharts A+

Everything you need for every book you read.

Get LitCharts A+

Summary

The Raven

Summary & Analysis

Themes

and Colors

Key

LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Raven, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.

Death and the Afterlife

Memory and Loss

The Supernatural and the Subconscious

Rationality and Irrationality

Ancient Influences

Summary

Analysis

On a cold night, at midnight, the narrator is sitting by himself, “weak and weary,” reading an old book full of “forgotten lore” and nodding off. When he is suddenly awakened by something knocking at his door, he assures himself that it’s “nothing more” than a visitor.

The cold night, book of “forgotten lore,” and sudden knock establish the gothic mood and at the same time mark the narrator as a scholar. That the narrator drowses off before the knock makes it unclear if he’s awake or dreaming through the rest of the poem, whether what happens is supernatural or subconscious. Note also how he at first explains the knock rationally, using “nothing more” to assure himself the knocking has a rational origin, though the fact that he has to assure himself at all indicates his uncertainty. Both his rationality and doubt are on display.

Active

Themes

Quotes

Literary Devices

Quiz

Test Yourself

The narrator then explains that he remembers that all this happened back in December. As the fire slowly dies, each dying ember like a “ghost,” he wishes for the night to pass so that he might escape from his sorrow over Lenore, his dead beloved. To distract himself from thinking about her, he says, he has been reading, but without success.

The framing of the poem as a memory emphasizes how the events of the poem continue to haunt him. Here the poem also introduces the fact that the narrator is grief-stricken over his dead love Lenore, and is trying to escape that grief by reading. The fire, too, is dying. The poem vividly establishes its concerns with death and memory, and casts memory (both of his dead love, and of the raven) not as something desired but as a burden the narrator wishes he could escape, but can’t.

Active

Themes

Literary Devices

Quiz

Test Yourself

When the curtains rustle, the narrator is suddenly frightened. Once again he tells himself that it’s merely a visitor, and “nothing more.”Finding some measure of courage, he calls out to whoever is knocking at the door of the room, and apologizes that he was taking so long to come to the door because he was napping.

As his fear increases, the narrator again asserts his rationality, using “nothing more” to deny the knocking could be supernatural and then acting “normal” by calling out and apologizing. But all of this effort to assure himself that there are rational answers to the knock show how, lost in grief, his rationality is already under siege. Meanwhile, the mention of napping again raises the possibility, without giving an answer one way or another, that the narrator is actually dreaming all this.

Active

Themes

Literary Devices

Quiz

Test Yourself

The narrator opens the door, only to find that nobody is there. He stands at the entrance to his room, staring into the darkness, equally hopeful and fearful, “dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before.” He whispers “Lenore” into the darkness and hears in response only an echo – Lenore! – and “nothing more.”

Although the narrator began the poem trying to forget Lenore, in a moment of irrational hope he allows himself to wonder ifshe could possibly have returned from the dead. Suddenly it’s clear that narrator, while fearful, also wantsthe supernatural: he can’t escape the memories of his lost love, and desperately wants her to return, even if it’s as a ghost. But now the “nothing more” is turned against him to dash those hopes: earlier he used the phrase to assert rationality, but now that he is hopeful of his lost love’s supernatural return, the real world asserts itself and he is forced to realize the name is just an echo and “nothing more.”

Active

Themes

Quotes

Literary Devices

Quiz

Test Yourself

Get the entire The Raven LitChart as a printable PDF.

"My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." -Graham S.

Download

Suddenly, the narrator hears a knocking at his window, and he opens it. The Raven flies in, perching atop a bust of Pallas above the door. At first, the narrator finds the bird’s “grave and stern decorum” amusing, and asks it for its name. To his bemusement, the bird responds “Nevermore.” The narrator remarks to himself that what the Raven says must be “stock and store,” words picked up by copying those from a previous master. But, unable to contain his curiosity, he grabs a velvet chair and sits directly in front of the bird, trying to understand what this “ominous bird of yore” means by “Nevermore.” All the while, heimagines that Lenore might be near.

Pallas Athena is the Greco-Roman goddess of wisdom and learning. The bird’s landing place on the statue thereforeimplies a kind of opposition to such rationality. Note how at first the narrator finds the bird merely amusing, and he quickly develops a rational answer to how the bird learned the word “Nevermore.” But curiosity – the desire to learn more, to venture into the unknown – drives him to want to understand the bird. And his sense of Lenore’s presence implies that his curiosity is driven by a not-all-that rational sense that the bird might be able to give him news of his lost love. Also note how similar the bird’s “nevermore” is to the narrator’s earlier “nothing more,” except that he used “nothing more” to assert rationality, while the bird’s “nevermore” will do exactly the opposite.

Active

Themes

Quotes

Literary Devices

Quiz

Test Yourself

The narrator then perceives that the air has become “denser, perfumed from an unseen censer,” and says it must indicate the presence of “Seraphim,” or angels, sent from God to help him recover from his grief over losing Lenore. He wonders if he might be able to “quaff this kind nepenthe” — to forget about her entirely. The Raven, however, answers “Nevermore.”

Earlier the narrator hoped to be reunited with Lenore by supernatural means. Now suddenly he senses another possibility, that he might be saved from his painful memories by supernatural means: the “nepenthe,” a mythological potion of forgetfulness. But whereas earlier the narrator explained the Raven’s words as rote learning from a former master, now in his growing mania, he takes the Ravenseriously and is crushed when it answers his pleas with “Nevermore.”

Active

Themes

Quotes

Literary Devices

Quiz

Test Yourself

Growing more anxious, the narrator asks the Raven if there is “balm in Gilead” —if heaven will give him some hope of seeing Lenore again. The bird, as usual, responds “Nevermore.” The narrator asks again if he and Lenore might meet once more “within the distant Aidenn,” or Eden, but again the bird responds “Nevermore” in response. Now furious and heartbroken, the narrator screams at the bird to return to “the Night’s Plutonian shore!” and never return. But the bird does not depart.

The narrator’s relentless questions, despite the fact that the bird always answers the same way, show how the narrator’s rationality has not just failed in helping him understand the bird, but pushed him to despair and near-madness. First, in his fervor to understand the bird’s meaning, he has lost sight of the fact that the bird might not have any meaning at all – that its words might be nonsense. Once he gives that up, his mind slips into a kind of interpretive frenzy, finding meaning in everything, and seeing the Raven’s “nevermore” as denying all his hopes of reuniting with Lenore. He’s fallen down a kind of rabbit hole, in which he tries to figure out the unknowable – the raven, death – and with each failure only tries harder until he erupts in fury and despair.

Active

Themes

Quotes

Literary Devices

Quiz

Test Yourself

As the poem ends, the narrator is overcome by despair, while the Raven “never flitting, still is sitting” on the bust of Pallas. The narrator concludes by saying he continues to live in the bird’s inescapable shadow.

The Raven’s refusal to leave parallels the narrator’s memories of Lenore, which likewise never dissipate, suggesting that death and grieving for the dead are inescapable. Further, the Raven sitting, forever, on the bust of Pallas suggests that the narrator’s ability to reason has been permanently diminished and overwhelmed by the unknowable. Ultimately, it doesn’t matter whether the Raven is a supernatural visitor, a product of the narrator’s dream, or a random bird that learned one word. In each case, it is the narrator’s own doubts in the face of loss, memory, and the unknown that have driven away his rational peace forevermore.

Active

Themes

Quotes

Literary Devices

Quiz

Test Yourself

Summary

Themes

Cite This Page

Get

LitCharts

Download this Chart (PDF)

“Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!”

Download

Get the Teacher Edition

“This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class.”

Download

Need something? Request a new guide.

How can we improve? Share feedback.

LitCharts is hiring!

Company

About Us

Our Story

Jobs

Support

Help Center

Citation Generator

Connect

Facebook

Twitter

Legal

Privacy Request

Home

About

Contact

Help

Terms

Privacy

Privacy Request

Save time. Stress less.

PDF downloads of all 1878 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish.

Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site.

Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1878 titles we cover.

PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem.

Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Instant PDF downloads.

Refine any search. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more.

PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem.

Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Instant PDF downloads.

Refine any search. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more.

Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account

You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes.

Already have an account? Sign?in

Continue

Complete your free account to request a guide

Already have an account? Sign?in

Create Account

Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account.

You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles.

Already have an account? Sign?in

Continue

Complete your free account to access notes and highlights

Already have an account? Sign?in

Create Account

Saving guides requires a free LitCharts account

Easily access your saved guides anytime.

Already have an account? Sign?in

Continue

Complete your free account to save guides

Already have an account? Sign?in

Create Account

国产人妇三级视频在线观看_女乡长的太紧了太深_在线观看的a站_欲妇荡岳丰满少妇岳_八角笼中在线电影免费_强行扒开双腿疯狂猛躁3p视频_蜜臀av无码久久久久久久_av亚洲国产小电影_被喂春药蹂躏的欲仙欲死视频

raven

raven

RAVEN中文(簡體)翻譯：劍橋詞典

烏鴉（美國埃德加·愛倫·坡所作詩歌）_百度百科

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe | Poetry Foundation

Raven 《烏鴉》愛倫坡中英對照

如何評價艾倫·坡的詩歌《烏鴉》(“The Raven”)? - 知乎

Raven | Size & Facts | Britannica

英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例(30）：《The Raven》（揚(yáng)抑格） - 知乎

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe (Poem + Analysis)

Raven 《烏鴉》 Allan Poe 愛倫坡經(jīng)典詩英文詩聲音免費(fèi)在線播放-喜馬拉雅

The Raven Summary & Analysis | LitCharts

聯(lián)系我們

快速鏈接

404 Not Found

国产人妇三级视频在线观看_女乡长的太紧了太深_在线观看的a站_欲妇荡岳丰满少妇岳_八角笼中在线电影免费_强行扒开双腿疯狂猛躁3p视频_蜜臀av无码久久久久久久_av亚洲国产小电影_被喂春药蹂躏的欲仙欲死视频

raven

raven

RAVEN中文(簡體)翻譯：劍橋詞典

烏鴉（美國埃德加·愛倫·坡所作詩歌）_百度百科

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe | Poetry Foundation

Raven 《烏鴉》愛倫坡 中英對照

如何評價艾倫·坡的詩歌《烏鴉》(“The Raven”)? - 知乎

Raven | Size & Facts | Britannica

英詩韻律節(jié)奏分析實(shí)例(30）：《The Raven》（揚(yáng)抑格） - 知乎

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe (Poem + Analysis)

Raven 《烏鴉》 Allan Poe 愛倫坡 經(jīng)典詩英文詩聲音免費(fèi)在線播放-喜馬拉雅

The Raven Summary & Analysis | LitCharts

404 Not Found

Raven 《烏鴉》愛倫坡中英對照

Raven 《烏鴉》 Allan Poe 愛倫坡經(jīng)典詩英文詩聲音免費(fèi)在線播放-喜馬拉雅